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Encapsulation of the septal cell wall protects Streptococcus pneumoniae from its major peptidoglycan hydrolase and host defenses. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The synthesis of capsular polysaccharide is crucial for bacterial survival and virulence, particularly in pathogens like Streptococcus pneumoniae, where proteins Wze and Wzd play key roles at the division septum to ensure capsule presence.
  • - Research findings show that Wzd interacts with Wzg, a protein that helps attach the capsule to the bacterial cell wall, and this interaction is essential for proper capsule localization and synthesis.
  • - Wzd-deficient bacteria exhibit poor encapsulation, increased susceptibility to lysis by LytA, and reduced virulence in an infection model, suggesting that targeting this encapsulation process could be a strategy to combat pneumococcal infections.

Article Abstract

Synthesis of the capsular polysaccharide, a major virulence factor for many pathogenic bacteria, is required for bacterial survival within the infected host. In Streptococcus pneumoniae, Wze, an autophosphorylating tyrosine kinase, and Wzd, a membrane protein required for Wze autophosphorylation, co-localize at the division septum and guarantee the presence of capsule at this subcellular location. To determine how bacteria regulate capsule synthesis, we studied pneumococcal proteins that interact with Wzd and Wze using bacterial two hybrid assays and fluorescence microscopy. We found that Wzd interacts with Wzg, the putative ligase that attaches capsule to the bacterial cell wall, and recruits it to the septal area. This interaction required residue V56 of Wzd and both the transmembrane regions and DNA-PPF domain of Wzg. When compared to the wild type, Wzd null pneumococci lack capsule at midcell, bind the peptidoglycan hydrolase LytA better and are more susceptible to LytA-induced lysis, and are less virulent in a zebrafish embryo infection model. In this manuscript, we propose that the Wzd/Wze pair guarantees full encapsulation of pneumococcal bacteria by recruiting Wzg to the division septum, ensuring that capsule attachment is coordinated with peptidoglycan synthesis. Impairing the encapsulation process, at localized subcellular sites, may facilitate elimination of bacteria by strategies that target the pneumococcal peptidoglycan.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9216600PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010516DOI Listing

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