AI Article Synopsis
- Determining neutralizing antibody titers is essential for assessing infection protection, with full virus neutralization tests (VNTs) being the gold standard, albeit complex and requiring specialized labs.
- To simplify this, several surrogate virus neutralization tests (sVNTs) have been developed, which assess antibodies against the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.
- However, findings indicate that sVNTs produce varying results compared to VNTs and between different groups (convalescent vs vaccinated), suggesting that their cutoff levels may need to be re-evaluated for accurate measurement of neutralizing antibodies.
Article Abstract
Determination of neutralizing antibody titers is still considered the gold standard for infection protection. A full virus neutralization test (VNT) with replication-competent, infectious SARS-CoV-2, is labor-intensive and requires Biosafety Level 3 certified laboratories. Therefore, several commercial SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization tests (sVNTs) have been developed that aim to detect neutralizing antibodies targeting the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike glycoprotein (S). Neutralizing antibodies to the RBD block its interaction with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor protein. Here, we compared a full virus neutralization test (VNT) with two SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization tests (sVNT) and validated them in two cohorts of i) convalescent SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals and ii) COVID vaccinated individuals. The sVNTs showed highly different results both, compared to the VNT-titers and also between the two cohorts. This indicates that currently, sVNT provide a qualitative instead of a quantitative measurement of neutralizing antibodies. The findings in this work show that the cutoff levels for sVNTs might need to be readjusted for convalescent and vaccinated individuals.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9212436 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2022.114569 | DOI Listing |
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