Genetic-Algorithm-Assisted Self-Scheduled Multidelay PIR Control: Experiments in a Car-Like Vehicle System.

The path-tracking control of an intelligent vehicle always suffers from the high-frequency measurement noises. To confront this issue, this work puts forward a novel delayed output-feedback implementation of proportional-integral-derivation (PID) control, which is called multidelay proportional-integral-retarded (PIR) control. The mathematical model of the vehicle system is represented in the form of a linear parameter-varying (LPV) system, which uses the car position as the scheduling variable for regulation. On this basis, the multidelay PIR controller is designed such that the tracking errors gradually converge to zero with the aid of the proportional and integral actions, and the harmful high-frequency measurement noises are attenuated by the retarded term consisting of a few delayed proportional actions. To tune the PIR controller parameters, linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), derived by applying Taylor's expansion to the retarded term, are used to compute the convex subcontroller gains. Then, the self-scheduled tracking controller is formulated as the weighted sum of convex subcontrollers, and the weight functions scheduled by the current position are adaptive to the different operational conditions. Experiments in real time using a laboratory car-like vehicle are employed to assess the performance of the proposed controller.