AI Article Synopsis
- Extremely preterm (EPT) birth is linked to issues with stress responses that can lead to behavioral and learning difficulties in children by school age.
- A study comparing EPT children (24-27 weeks) to term-born children found that EPT children scored worse on neurodevelopmental tests and had poorer behavior ratings, particularly in memory and attention.
- Blunted cortisol awakening responses in EPT children were associated with these memory and attention problems, suggesting that monitoring cortisol levels could be important for understanding and supporting EPT children's learning challenges.
Article Abstract
Background: Extremely preterm (EPT) birth has been related to dysregulation of stress responses and behavioral/learning problems at school age. Early adverse experiences can blunt HPA axis reactivity. We hypothesized that an attenuated cortisol awakening response would be associated with developmental and behavioral problems at school age in EPT children.
Methods: This secondary analysis of a sub-cohort of the SUPPORT study included children born between 24 and 27 weeks, evaluated at 6-7 years with a neurodevelopmental battery and cortisol measures. Differences were tested between EPT and a term-born group. Relationships of cortisol awakening response to test scores were analyzed.
Results: Cortisol was measured in 110 EPT and 29 term-born 6-7 year olds. Unadjusted WISC-IV and NEPSY-II scores were significantly worse among EPT children only. Conners Parent Rating Scale behavior scores were significantly worse among EPT children. After adjusting for covariates, blunted cortisol awakening responses were found to be associated with poorer scores on memory tests and greater problems with inattention for the EPT group (p < 0.05) only.
Conclusions: Among children born EPT, we identified an association of blunted cortisol awakening response with memory and inattention problems. This may have implications related to stress reactivity and its relationship to learning problems in children born EPT.
Gov Id: Extended Follow-up at School Age for the SUPPORT Neuroimaging and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes (NEURO) Cohort: NCT00233324.
Impact: In children born EPT, stress reactivity may have a relationship to learning problems. Cortisol awakening response should be a component for follow-up in EPT born children. Components of executive function, such as memory and attention, are related to stress reactivity.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9758271 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41390-022-02113-9 | DOI Listing |
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