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Ascertainment of small airway dysfunction using oscillometry to better define asthma control and future risk: are we ready to implement it in clinical practice?
Chest
December 2024
Children's Hospital of Orange County, University California, Irvine, Orange County, Calif.
The small airways comprise generations 8 to 23 of the bronchial tree, consist of airways with an internal diameter <2mm, and are classically difficult to assess and treat in persistent asthma. Small airways dysfunction (SAD) is integral to the asthma management paradigm as it is associated with poorer symptom control, greater levels of type 2 inflammation, and has been proposed as a potential treatable asthma trait. Although identification of SAD by oscillometry has been found to be clinically useful in managing asthma, very few physicians, including specialists, use this technique as part of standard or adjunct evaluation of lung function to diagnose asthma, grade severity of airway obstruction, ascertain disease control or the risk for future exacerbations or to make management decisions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdult Outcomes of Childhood Wheezing Phenotypes Are Associated with Early-Life Factors.
J Pers Med
December 2024
Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
While the phenotypic diversity of childhood wheezing is well described, the subsequent life course of such phenotypes and their adult outcomes remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that different childhood wheezing phenotypes have varying longitudinal outcomes at age 26. We sought to identify factors associated with wheezing persistence, clinical remission, and new onset in adulthood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFN-methyladenosine mediated-NRF2 signaling pathway attenuates cadmium cytotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative damage in bronchial epithelial cells.
Toxicol Lett
December 2024
Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Dali University, No. 22, Wanhua Road, Dali, Yunnan 671000, PR China. Electronic address:
Although N-methyladenosine (mA) and its regulatory proteins were involved in multiple cellular damage processes, the roles of mA and its regulatory proteins in cadmium-induced pulmonary cell damage remain largely unknown. Our present data indicated that cadmium exposure caused serious damage in bronchial epithelial cells, as evidenced by reduction of cell viability and elevation of oxidative damage and apoptosis. These processes were accompanied by alterations of mA modification and its regulatory proteins (FTO, ALKBH5, YTHDC2).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrognostic value of a composite physiologic index developed by adding bronchial and hyperlucent volumes quantified via artificial intelligence technology.
Respir Res
December 2024
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Background: The composite physiologic index (CPI) was developed to estimate the extent of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients based on pulmonary function tests (PFTs). The CALIPER-revised version of the CPI (CALIPER-CPI) was also developed to estimate the volume fraction of ILD measured by CALIPER, an automated quantitative CT postprocessing software. Recently, artificial intelligence-based quantitative CT image analysis software (AIQCT), which can be used to quantify the bronchial volume separately from the ILD volume, was developed and validated in IPF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSimple-Flow: A 3D-Printed Multiwell Flow Plate to Coculture Primary Human Lung Cells at the Air-Liquid Interface.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng
December 2024
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CB, The Netherlands.
Immortalized epithelial cell lines and animal models have been used in fundamental and preclinical research to study pulmonary diseases. However valuable, though, these models incompletely recapitulate the human lung, which leads to low predictive outcomes in potential respiratory treatments. Advanced technology and cell culture techniques stimulate the development of improved models that more closely mimic the physiology of the human lung.
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