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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00803-2022 | DOI Listing |
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Association between immunosuppressive medications and COVID-19 hospitalisation and death: a retrospective cohort study.
BMJ Open
December 2024
Francis I Proctor Foundation for Research in Ophthalmology, San Francisco, California, USA
Importance: Immunocompromised status is a risk factor for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Little is known about how systemic corticosteroid dose and concurrent use of immunosuppressants are associated with COVID-19 outcomes.
Objective: To assess the association between corticosteroid dose/duration and concurrent immunosuppressant use on COVID-19 hospitalisation and death in the era of COVID-19 vaccinations.
Extensive research has shown that spending time in natural greenspaces has a positive impact on health. However, there is limited evidence regarding potential factors that may influence these effects. This review aimed to assess the strength of the evidence and potential impact of exposure to green and bluespaces on dietary outcomes in adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn updated systematic review and meta-analysis exploring the efficacy and safety of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
BMJ Neurol Open
December 2024
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt.
Background: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is increasingly used in treating multiple sclerosis (MS) with controversial results of the safety and efficacy of different DMF doses. We aimed to systematically review the literature to examine the safety and efficacy of DMF for MS patients.
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Validation of an infectious bronchitis virus GVIII-specific RT-PCR assay and first detection of IB80-like strains (lineage GVIII-2) in Italy.
Front Vet Sci
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Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a pathogen causing respiratory, renal and reproductive clinical forms in chickens of all ages and productive categories. Its proneness to mutation and recombination gave rise to a plethora of variants differing in terms of pathogenicity, antigenicity, and distribution, with relevant implications for disease control, mainly pursued by routine vaccination, and diagnosis, requiring a steady update of molecular and serological methods. Among the most recent additions to the current phylogenetic classification, based on S1 gene sequencing, is the discovery of an eighth genotype (GVIII), further divided into lineages GVIII-1 and GVIII-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOperationalizing the New Global Definition of ARDS: A Retrospective Cohort Study From South Africa.
CHEST Crit Care
December 2024
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care (G. L. A.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (S. M. S.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (A. R., Z. F., and M. T. D. S.), Greys Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (J. I.), Harry Gwala Regional Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, Pietermaritzburg, the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (R. D. W. and M. T. D. S.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; the Faculty Medicine and Pharmacy (R. D. W.), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; and the Department of Intensive Care (R. D. W.), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Trust Hospitals, Oxford, England.
Background: A proposed new global definition of ARDS seeks to update the Berlin definition and account for nonintubated ARDS and ARDS diagnoses in resource-variable settings.
Research Question: How do ARDS epidemiologic characteristics change with operationalizing the new global definition of ARDS in a resource-limited setting?
Study Design And Methods: We performed a real-use retrospective cohort study among adult patients meeting criteria for the Berlin definition of ARDS or the global definition of ARDS at ICU admission in two public hospitals in the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, South Africa, from January 2017 through June 2022.
Results: Among 5,760 adults (aged ≥ 18 years) admitted to the ICU, 2,027 patients (35.
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