AI Article Synopsis
- Both amphetamine and methylphenidate have been clinically used for over 60 years, are rapidly absorbed, but have low bioavailability and short half-lives.
- The pharmacokinetics of these stimulants show linear and dose-proportional responses, but there is significant individual variability.
- Amphetamine is metabolized into several active forms while methylphenidate mainly converts to an inactive compound; currently, pharmacogenomic testing for personalized treatment isn't recommended, and documented drug interactions are minimal.
Article Abstract
The psychostimulants-amphetamine and methylphenidate-have been in clinical use for well more than 60 years. In general, both stimulants are rapidly absorbed with relatively poor bioavailability and short half-lives. The pharmacokinetics of both stimulants are generally linear and dose proportional although substantial interindividual variability in pharmacokinetics is in evidence. Amphetamine (AMP) is highly metabolized by several oxidative enzymes forming multiple metabolites while methylphenidate (MPH) is primarily metabolized by hydrolysis to the inactive metabolite ritalinic acid. At present, pharmacogenomic testing as an aid to guide dosing and personalized treatment cannot be recommended for either agent. Few pharmacokinetically based drug-drug interactions (DDIs) have been documented for either stimulant.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2022.03.003 | DOI Listing |
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