Cyathostomins are common intestinal nematodes that parasitize horses and can affect animal health and welfare. Alternative treatments are essential for sustainable parasite control, reducing the indiscriminate use of anthelmintics and their impacts on the environment, animals, and humans. Pleurotus spp. are edible medicinal mushrooms that possess several therapeutic properties, including antiparasitic and nematocidal activities. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and nematocidal activity of aqueous extracts of three oyster species (P. florida, P. ostreatus, and P. djamor) on cyathostomine eggs in vitro. P. florida showed the highest activity against test organisms, inhibiting the hatching of eggs in up to 92.19% at the highest concentration (10%) of aqueous extract, with a mean lethal concentration (LC50) of 2.13%. In the aqueous extracts of P. ostreatus and P. djamor, nematocidal activity was reduced, inhibiting egg hatching by 55.46% (LC50, 7.44%) and 23.67%, respectively, at a concentration of 10%. P. florida showed higher antioxidant activity than that of the other species tested. Thus, P. florida may be considered a potential alternative for biological control in in vivo experiments with cyathostomins.
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