The effect of aging on the levels of dopamine (DA) in striatum and noradrenaline (NA) in cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hypothalamus, midbrain and pons-medulla from young adult and five groups of aging rats was evaluated. Determinations of the levels of these amines were conducted. Age-related changes which commenced at 12 months were observed in specific brain regions. The endogenous content of NA decreased significantly in hypothalamus, midbrain, and pons-medulla when compared with the same regions from young adult animals. These results show that central noradrenergic system is markedly vulnerable to the aging process in rats.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610738608258567 | DOI Listing |
J Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
Background: Anti-IgLON5 disease is a rare autoimmune neurological disorder with prominent Tau protein deposits in the brainstem and hypothalamus. The aim of this study was to visualize the in vivo distribution patterns of Tau protein in patients with anti-IgLON5 disease using the second-generation Tau PET tracer, Florzolotau (18F) PET imaging.
Methods: Patients diagnosed with anti-IgLON5 disease were enrolled consecutively.
Science
January 2025
Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Neuroscience Research Center, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Sociosexual preference is critical for reproduction and survival. However, neural mechanisms encoding social decisions on sex preference remain unclear. In this study, we show that both male and female mice exhibit female preference but shift to male preference when facing survival threats; their preference is mediated by the dimorphic changes in the excitability of ventral tegmental area dopaminergic (VTA) neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
December 2024
Faculty of Nursing, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan.
Retrotransposon Gag-like 4 (), a gene acquired from a retrovirus, is a causative gene in autism spectrum disorder. Its knockout mice exhibit increased impulsivity, impaired short-term spatial memory, failure to adapt to novel environments, and delayed noradrenaline (NA) recovery in the frontal cortex. However, due to its very low expression in the brain, it remains unknown which brain cells express RTL4 and its dynamics in relation to NA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
January 2025
Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA.
Caloric depletion leads to behavioral changes that help an animal find food and restore its homeostatic balance. Hunger increases exploration and risk-taking behavior, allowing an animal to forage for food despite risks; however, the neural circuitry underlying this change is unknown. Here, we characterize how hunger restructures an animal's spontaneous behavior as well as its directed exploration of a novel object.
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