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Pediatric and adolescent cancer disparities in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region: incidence, mortality, and survival across socioeconomic strata.
BMC Public Health
December 2024
Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Background: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in children and adolescents, with a significant concentration in low and middle-income countries. Previous research has identified disparities in cancer incidence and mortality based on a country's level of development. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region comprises of countries with heterogeneous income and development levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe dynamic distribution of the rectal microbiota in Holstein dairy calves provides a framework for understanding early-life gut health.
Anim Nutr
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the development of intestinal microbiota in Holstein dairy calves' rectums during the first 70 days after birth, using 96 samples analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
- Findings indicate that microbial diversity increases with age, with significant changes in bacterial communities, particularly the shift from Proteobacteria to Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes after three days.
- The research identifies critical stages for nutritional intervention, especially between days 7-14, to enhance calf health and reduce gastrointestinal issues by targeting specific microbial characteristics.
Total intestinal atresia with failure of recanalization extending from the duodenum to the rectum: The first case report.
Int J Surg Case Rep
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Almadina Hospital, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic.
Article Synopsis
- Intestinal atresia is a congenital condition that results in a blockage of part of the intestine, often requiring surgical intervention for diagnosis and treatment.
- A case study presented a preterm neonate with signs of intestinal atresia revealed through prenatal ultrasound and imaging, leading to the discovery of total intestinal atresia with no surgical options available.
- The discussion highlights the need for improved diagnostic tools and further research into the causes of intestinal atresia due to the complex nature of the condition observed in this case.
Genital Herpes: Rapid Evidence Review.
Am Fam Physician
November 2024
Eglin Air Force Base Family Medicine Residency Program in Florida.
Article Synopsis
- - Genital herpes, caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 or 2, is a lifelong sexually transmitted infection affecting over 500 million people globally, with no available vaccines for prevention.
- - It is characterized by painful genital lesions and flu-like symptoms; diagnosis is typically made through laboratory tests like PCR or viral culture.
- - Treatment includes antiviral medications to manage outbreaks and reduce transmission, and pregnant individuals with a history of genital herpes are advised to start antiviral therapy at 36 weeks and may require a cesarean section if lesions are present.
: An interlabial mass in newborn girls is diagnosed usually after birth or during the first days or weeks of life. According to various studies, its prevalence ranges between 1 : 500 and 1 : 7,000 newborn girls. A mass in the vaginal introitus or between the labia majora can cause a diagnostic dilemma and may be suspected even of ambiguous genitalia.
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