Social networks are the persons surrounding a patient who provide support, circulate information, and influence health behaviors. For patients seen by neurologists, social networks are one of the most proximate social determinants of health that are actually accessible to clinicians, compared with wider social forces such as structural inequalities. We can measure social networks and related phenomena of social connection using a growing set of scalable and quantitative tools increasing familiarity with social network effects and mechanisms. This scientific approach is built on decades of neurobiological and psychological research highlighting the impact of the social environment on physical and mental well-being, nervous system structure, and neuro-recovery. Here, we review the biology and psychology of social networks, assessment methods including novel social sensors, and the design of network interventions and social therapeutics.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1744532 | DOI Listing |
Cancer Cell Int
December 2024
Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China.
Oral cancer progresses from asymptomatic to advanced stages, often involving cervical lymph node metastasis, resistance to chemotherapy, and an unfavorable prognosis. Clarifying its potential mechanisms is vital for developing effective theraputic strategies. Recent research suggests a substantial involvement of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) in the initiation and advancement of oral cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Board Fam Med
December 2024
From the Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado (MLM); Department of Family Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN (MS); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND (DFS); Department of Family and Community Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Houston, Houston, TX (NJR).
Primary care researchers are increasingly at the forefront of developing innovations and new research methods to address complex issues in health care, including multi-morbidity, social determinants of health, health equity, managing population health in clinical practice, patient satisfaction, and provider burnout. Research demonstrates that "primary care is the only health care component where an increased supply is associated with better population health and more equitable outcomes." As a primary care specialty, family medicine has evolved beyond its initial focus on clinical practice and education to realizing the imperative for the discipline to robustly engage in research and embrace the responsibility to generate the evidence that drives changes in primary care practice and policy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Paediatric emergency department (ED) attendances and admissions in England are increasing. Fever is a common presenting problem for these attendances. Anxiety and misperceptions surrounding appropriate management of fever persist among parents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Comput Biol
December 2024
Google Inc., Mountain View, California, United States of America.
Researchers have explored the performance of Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma strategies for decades, from the celebrated performance of Tit for Tat to the introduction of the zero-determinant strategies and the use of sophisticated learning structures such as neural networks. Many new strategies have been introduced and tested in a variety of tournaments and population dynamics. Typical results in the literature, however, rely on performance against a small number of somewhat arbitrarily selected strategies, casting doubt on the generalizability of conclusions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Public Health
December 2024
Trager Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.
Introduction: Loneliness is a critical public health issue affecting older adults, with significant impacts on their mental and physical health, including increased risks of depression, cognitive decline, and higher mortality rates, necessitating distinct approaches for each condition given their unique implications and the exacerbation of these issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examine the implementation and outcomes of a Friendly Visitor Program (FVP) designed to mitigate loneliness among older adults. The program involved social work student interns providing virtual visits to older adults using computers and tablets, with the goal of enhancing social interaction and support.
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