Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 209
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3098
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Attempt to read property "Count" on bool
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 3100
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3100
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) promotes osteoblast differentiation and inhibits osteoclast differentiation. In the present study, we observed the regulation of alveolar bone remodeling by Sema3A during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Four inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and INF-γ) involved in OTM were applied to osteoblasts in vitro, and Sema3A expression was determined by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In vivo, springs were attached to the maxillary first molars of C56BL/6J mice (OTM model) and the localization of Sema3A was confirmed by immunofluorescent. Recombinant Sema3A (rSema3A) was locally injected into the OTM model. Inflammatory cytokine localization in the OTM model was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. In vivo, more Sema3A was observed on the tension side in the OTM group. Injection of rSema3A into the OTM model increased mineralization on the tension side and decreased the number of osteoclasts on the compression side. In vitro, IL-1β significantly increased Sema3A mRNA levels. Immunohistochemistry for IL-1β in vivo showed more concentrated staining in the periodontal ligament on the tension side than on the compression side. In summary, our findings revealed the distribution of Sema3A in the periodontal ligament and demonstrated that rSema3A administration promotes bone formation and inhibits bone resorption during OTM.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9163121 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13217-x | DOI Listing |
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