Poly(-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm)-based thermally responsive micelles are of great importance as smart materials for a number of applications such as drug delivery and biosensing, owing to their tunable lower critical solution temperature (LCST). Their design and synthesis in the nanoscale size range have been widely studied, and research interest in their structural and physic-chemical properties is continually growing. In this Viewpoint, representative research on the construction of PNIPAAm-based thermally responsive micelles as well as their applications are highlighted and discussed, which would serve as a good start for newcomers in this field and a positive guide for future research.
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Detecting Multipartite Entanglement Patterns Using Single-Particle Green's Functions.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
We present a protocol for detecting multipartite entanglement in itinerant many-body electronic systems using single-particle Green's functions. To achieve this, we first establish a connection between the quantum Fisher information and single-particle Green's functions by constructing a set of witness operators built out of single electron creation and destruction operators in a doubled system. This set of witness operators is indexed by a momentum k.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPEBP1 amplifies mitochondrial dysfunction-induced integrated stress response.
Elife
January 2025
Centre for Cellular Biology and Signalling, Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh (ZJU-UoE) Institute, Haining, China.
Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in numerous diseases and the aging process. The integrated stress response (ISR) serves as a critical adaptation mechanism to a variety of stresses, including those originating from mitochondria. By utilizing mass spectrometry-based cellular thermal shift assay (MS-CETSA), we uncovered that phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1 (PEBP1), also known as Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP), is thermally stabilized by stresses which induce mitochondrial ISR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSapphire fiber Bragg gratings (SFBGs) are promising high-temperature sensors in many harsh environments, such as aviation, nuclear power, and furnaces. Here, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a quasi-distributed high-temperature sensor based on an SFBG array sealed in an argon gas-infiltrated sapphire tube interrogated by using an InGaAs-based interrogator. An SFBG array including five SFBGs was inscribed using the femtosecond laser line-by-line method and sealed in an argon gas-infiltrated sapphire tube.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferential effects of warming on carbon budget, photosynthetic yield and biochemical composition of cold-temperate and Arctic isolates of Laminaria digitata (Phaeophyceae).
J Plant Physiol
January 2025
Department of Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
Cold-temperate and Arctic hard bottom coastal ecosystems are dominated by kelp forests, which have a high biomass production and provide important ecosystem services, but are subject to change due to ocean warming. However, the photophysiological response to increasing temperature of ecologically relevant species, such as Laminaria digitata, might depend on the local thermal environment where the population has developed. Therefore, the effects of temperature on growth rate, biochemical composition, maximum quantum yield, photosynthetic quotient and carbon budget of young cultured sporophytes of Laminaria digitata from the Arctic at Spitsbergen (SPT; cultured at 4, 10 and 16 °C) and from the cold-temperate North Sea island of Helgoland (HLG; cultured at 10, 16 and 22 °C) were comparatively analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell-free assays reveal that the HIV-1 capsid protects reverse transcripts from cGAS immune sensing.
PLoS Pathog
January 2025
Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America.
Retroviruses can be detected by the innate immune sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), which recognizes reverse-transcribed DNA and activates an antiviral response. However, the extent to which HIV-1 shields its genome from cGAS recognition remains unclear. To study this process in mechanistic detail, we reconstituted reverse transcription, genome release, and innate immune sensing of HIV-1 in a cell-free system.
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