A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in India's urban and rural areas. Medline, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases were searched for population-based studies published in English between January 1990 and April 2021, wherein the prevalence of DR among Indian residents with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) was reported. A random-effects model was used to estimate the overall, rural, and urban prevalence. Data from 10 eligible studies were aggregated for meta-analysis. The prevalence of DR was 17.44% (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.33-20.55) in urban and 14.00% (95% CI: 9.13-18.86) in rural population (P = 0.24). The overall DR prevalence was 16.10% (95% CI: 13.16-24.32), and the population prevalence was 1.63% [95% CI: 0.94-2.32]. Prevalence of DR in people with diabetes was lower in the age group of 40-49 years [13.57% (95% CI: 7.16-19.98)] than in the age group of 50-59 years [16.72% (95% CI: 12.80-20.64)] and the age group of 60 years and above [16.55% (95% CI: 12.09-21.00)]. Variability in studies was high: urban (I = 88.90%); rural (I = 92.14%). Pooled estimates indicate a narrow difference in DR prevalence among people with diabetes in rural and urban India. The fast urbanization and increasing diabetes prevalence in rural areas underscore the need for providing equitable eye care at the bottom of the health pyramid.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9359280 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijo.IJO_2206_21 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
A Belgian physician-initiated trial investigating the LifeStream peripheral stent graft system for the treatment of complex TASC C and D iliac lesions.
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)
February 2025
Department of Vascular Surgery, AZ Sint Blasius, Dendermonde, Belgium.
Background: Due to the heterogeneity of literature findings, stent type selection for the endovascular treatment of complex aorto-iliac occlusive disease remains challenging. The BELSTREAM study, a physician-initiated, prospective, multicenter, single-arm study, aims to report the safety and efficacy of the balloon expandable LifeStream Peripheral Stent Graft System (BD, Tempe, Arizona, USA) for the treatment of complex TASC C and D aorto-iliac artery lesions.
Methods: Seventy patients and 133 lesions were included at six Belgian institutions.
Impact of atrial fibrillation on productivity in working-age patients: an analysis of Swiss-AF prospective cohort study data.
Swiss Med Wkly
January 2025
Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Aims: We aimed to explore atrial fibrillation (AF)-induced productivity losses in working-age atrial fibrillation patients and to estimate atrial fibrillation-related indirect costs.
Methods: Between 2014 and 2017, the Swiss Atrial Fibrillation prospective cohort study (Swiss-AF) enrolled 217 working-age patients with documented atrial fibrillation. Self-reported changes in professional activity and the reasons thereof were descriptively analysed over 8 years of follow-up or until patients reached the retirement age.
The labyrinth: Searching for a way out through the defences.
Int J Psychoanal
December 2024
Rio de Janeiro.
The following text describes an analysis, ongoing for three years now, of a boy currently 12 years old, whose projective-expulsive functioning becomes evident through rude and vulgar words. The image of the Cretan labyrinth and its meanders, created by Daedalus as a "protection" against the ferocity of the Minotaur, were the inspiration for this narrative. The intricate defences that imprison the patient, with their characteristics of pathological organisation, resemble a labyrinth, and through this path, the analyst and the patient go on confronting the difficulties of the process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF"We are made of time": reverberation and the elasticity of time in psychoanalysis. Negotiating different temporalities in the session.
Int J Psychoanal
December 2024
British Psychoanalytical Society, London, UK.
Inspired by Dana Birksted-Breen's ideas on reverberation time, the author explores the changeability and transformation of the sensations of time and space and their connection to early embodied phantasies in the treatment of a 10-year-old boy. The experience of time changes (summarized under "time elasticity" to reflect the various forms this can take) is lived out in the transference relationship from the beginning of the therapeutic encounter. The author proposes the simultaneous development of the capacity to accept "objective" time, the establishment of a tri-dimensional space within the self and between objects and tolerating separateness and separation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLoss and memorialization.
Int J Psychoanal
December 2024
Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Editor Emeritus, The Psychoanalytic Quarterly.
Drawing upon Dana Birksted-Breen's work on temporality, and the contrast which she draws between linear, developmental time, seen as a series of unchanging moments, and bidirectional, process time, which is retranscribed again and again (Birksted-Breen [2003] 2016. "Time and the Apres-Coup." In , edited by D.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!