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Benchmarking lung cancer screening programmes with adaptive screening frequency against the optimal screening schedules derived from the ENGAGE framework: a comparative microsimulation study.
EClinicalMedicine
August 2024
Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Background: Lung cancer screening recommendations employ annual frequency for eligible individuals, despite evidence that it may not be universally optimal. The impact of imposing a structure on the screening frequency remains unknown. The ENGAGE framework, a validated framework that offers fully dynamic, analytically optimal, personalised lung cancer screening recommendations, could be used to assess the impact of screening structure on the effectiveness and efficiency of lung cancer screening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespiratory Outcomes and Aspergillus Serology Following Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor Therapy in People with Cystic Fibrosis and a History of Aspergillus fumigatus Infection.
Lung
January 2025
Mother and Child Department, Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Purpose: The study evaluated the effects of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) therapy in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) and a clinical history of Aspergillus fumigatus (AF) infection.
Methods: This prospective cohort study included pwCF who initiated ETI therapy and had received antifungal treatment in the preceding five years due to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA group) or other AF-related clinical manifestations (AF group). A control group of pwCF with no prior respiratory cultures positive for AF was also included.
Effects of nurse-home visiting on intimate partner violence and maternal income, mental health and self-efficacy by 24 months postpartum: a randomised controlled trial (British Columbia Healthy Connections Project).
BMJ Open
January 2025
Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Objective: To evaluate the impact of Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP), a home-visiting programme, on exploratory maternal outcomes in British Columbia (BC), Canada.
Design: Pragmatic, parallel arm, randomised controlled trial conducted October 2013-November 2019. Random allocation of participants (1:1) to comparison (existing services) or NFP (plus existing services).
Ultrasound as a predictor of time-loss injury for the patellar tendon, Achilles tendon and plantar fascia in division I collegiate athletes.
Br J Sports Med
January 2025
Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation and Orthopaedics, The University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Objectives: Tendinopathy and fasciopathy are common conditions that can result in time-loss injury in athletes. This study aimed to determine if preseason sonographic abnormalities of the patellar tendon, Achilles tendon and plantar fascia are associated with future time-loss injuries in collegiate athletes.
Methods: National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes from three institutions participated in this 3-year prospective, observational study.
Current Use And Evaluation Of Artificial Intelligence And Predictive Models In US Hospitals.
Health Aff (Millwood)
January 2025
Jordan Everson, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Technology Policy, Washington, D.C.
Effective evaluation and governance of predictive models used in health care, particularly those driven by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, are needed to ensure that models are fair, appropriate, valid, effective, and safe, or FAVES. We analyzed data from the 2023 American Hospital Association Annual Survey Information Technology Supplement to identify how AI and predictive models are used and evaluated for accuracy and bias in hospitals. Hospitals use AI and predictive models to predict health trajectories or risks for inpatients, identify high-risk outpatients to inform follow-up care, monitor health, recommend treatments, simplify or automate billing procedures, and facilitate scheduling.
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