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Differences in Brain Volume and Thickness between Shammah (Smokeless Tobacco) Users and Non-Users: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Br J Hosp Med (Lond)
January 2025
Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Previous research has shown that smoking tobacco is associated with changes or differences in brain volume and cortical thickness, resulting in a smaller brain volume and decreased cortical thickness in smokers compared with non-smokers. However, the effects of smokeless tobacco on brain volume and cortical thickness remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether the use of shammah, a nicotine-containing smokeless tobacco popular in Middle Eastern countries, is associated with differences in brain volume and thickness compared with non-users and to assess the influence of shammah quantity and type on these effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Effects of Filter Ventilation and Expanded Tobacco on the Tar, Nicotine and Carbon Monoxide Yields from Cigarettes Sold in Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
December 2024
Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia.
Cigarette brand variant names and characteristics such as the taste and feel of the smoke can mislead consumers into believing some products are less harmful. We assessed the characteristics of three common cigarette variants sold in Australia, "gold", "blue" and "red", to determine which characteristics differed by color, and which affected tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide (TNCO) yields. TNCO yields, physical parameters, expanded tobacco and filter ventilation were measured in cigarette color variants from eight brands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFS100A8/A9 innate immune signaling as a distinct mechanism driving progression of smoking-related breast cancers.
Oncogene
January 2025
Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA.
Smoking plays an underappreciated role in breast cancer progression, increasing recurrence and mortality in patients. Here, we show that S100A8/A9 innate immune signaling is a molecular mechanism that identifies smoking-related breast cancers and underlies their enhanced malignancy. In contrast to acute exposure, chronic nicotine increased tumorigenicity and reprogrammed breast cancer cells to express innate immune response genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSecondhand Smoke Exposure and Brain Health Indicators in Cuban Preschoolers.
Toxics
January 2025
École de Psychoéducation, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
Secondhand smoke affects nearly 40% of children worldwide, leading to serious health and behavioral problems. Being neurotoxic, it poses potential risks for child health and learning. In Cuba, there is limited research on the association of secondhand smoke with children's brain health, especially in vulnerable populations like young children at home.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanistic insights into HPV-positivity in non-smokers and HPV-negativity in smokers with head and neck cancer.
Front Oncol
January 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
Introduction: Several aspects of the involvement of HPV in the pathogenesis of HPV-associated diseases remain poorly understood including mechanistic aspects of infection and the question of why the majority of HPV-positive HNSCC-patients are non-smokers, whereas HPV-negatives are smokers. Our previous research, based on 1,100 patient samples, hypothesized an explanation for this phenomenon: Smoking induces upregulation of a mucosal protective protein (SLPI), which competes with HPV for binding to Annexin A2 (AnxA2), pivotal for HPV cell entry. Here we investigate the mechanistic aspects of our hypothesis using transfection assays.
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