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Using the Onsager variational principle, we study the dynamic coupling between the stress and the composition in a polymer solution. In the original derivation of the two-fluid model of Doi and Onuki the polymer stress was introduced ; therefore, a constitutive equation is required to close the equations. Based on our previous study of viscoelastic fluids with homogeneous composition, we start with a dumbbell model for the polymer, and derive all dynamic equations using the Onsager variational principle.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24050716 | DOI Listing |
Micromachines (Basel)
October 2024
School of Mathematics and Statistics, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
Ultrasonics
February 2025
Department of Engineering Mechanics and Energy, Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan.
Using volumetric averaged equations from a two-fluid model, this study theoretically investigates linear pressure wave propagation in a quiescent liquid with many spherical gas bubbles. The speed and attenuation of sound are evaluated using the derived linear dispersion. Mono- and poly-disperse bubbly liquids are treated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Physiol
August 2024
Department of Clinical Sciences at Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Introduction: The interstitial space harbours two fluid compartments linked serially to the plasma. This study explores conditions that lead to fluid accumulation in the most secluded compartment, termed the "third space".
Methods: Retrospective data was collected from 326 experiments in which intravenous crystalloid fluid was administered to conscious volunteers as well as a small group of anaesthetized patients.
J Chem Phys
July 2024
College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, China.
Regarding a recent dispute about the symmetry of the stress tensor of fluids, more considerations are presented. The usual proofs of this symmetry are reviewed, and contradictions between this symmetry and the mechanism of gas viscosity are analyzed for simple gas flows. It is emphasized that these proofs depend on the theorem of angular momentum that assumes that internal forces between any two fluid particles are always along the line connecting them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
June 2024
Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia.
In a cardiac output (CO) sub-study of the Restrictive versus Liberal Fluid Therapy in Major Abdominal Surgery (RELIEF) trial, it was shown that restrictive fluid management was associated with lower cardiac index at the end of surgery. However, the association of the fluid protocol with intraoperative blood pressure was less clear. This paper primarily compares rates of hypotension between the two fluid regimens.
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