Phlorotannins have been proven to contain numerous bioactive compounds that have potential to be applied in variety industries, including cosmetics, functional foods, nutraceuticals, environmental management, and medicine. The larvicidal and growth-inhibiting properties of phlorotannins have been extensively studied in various organisms. However, the toxicity of the phloroglucinol oligomer of phlorotannin is unclear, especially in , , , and , which are commonly used in many bioassays. Therefore, research using these four organisms should be designed to provide basic information about the toxic effects of phlorotannins and phloroglucinol. This study aimed to evaluate the larvicidal and inhibitory properties of phlorotannins and phloroglucinol on , , , and . Phlorotannin extract and phloroglucinol were administered at various concentrations to each test organism. The survival rate of nauplii and neonates was observed every 24 h to 72 h, whereas the seed germination and inhibition rate of were observed up to 96 h. The results showed that the 24 h LC50 of phlorotannin on and were 10.67 and 1.32 mg/mL, respectively. The germination inhibition of was 53.3% with a seed growth of less than 4 mm after 96 h upon exposure to 1 mg/mL of phlorotannin. Freshwater and seawater experienced yield inhibition of 39.47 and 43.46%, respectively, when 2 mg/mL of phlorotanin was added. These results indicate that phlorotannin affects the survival and growth of the test organisms, so its use as a pesticide, herbicide, and algaecide agent for environmental and aquaculture applications can be further studied.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14050312 | DOI Listing |
Mar Drugs
October 2024
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
Macroalgae are known as abundant sources of phytochemicals, which offer a plethora of beneficial biological properties. Besides being the most notable classes of compounds found in macroalgae, phlorotannins, bromophenols, and terpenoids comprise some of the most relevant for their biological properties. Phlorotannins, mainly prevalent in brown algae and structurally characterized as complex polyphenolic compounds derived from phloroglucinol units, possess robust antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and cytotoxic activities, modulated by factors such as the degree of polymerization and environmental conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
November 2024
College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Nanoplastics (NPs), plastic particles ranging from 1 to 100 nm are ubiquitous environmental pollutants infiltrating ecosystems. Their small size and widespread use in various products raise concerns for human health, particularly their association with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). NPs can enter the human body through multiple routes, causing oxidative stress, and leading to the senescence and dysfunction of endothelial cells (ECs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGene
October 2024
School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India. Electronic address:
The onset of COVID-19 due to the SARS CoV-2 virus has spurred an urgent need for potent therapeutics and vaccines to combat this global pandemic. The main protease (Mpro) of the virus, crucial in its replication, has become a focal point in developing anti-COVID-19 drugs. The cysteine protease Mpro in SARS CoV-2 bears a significant resemblance to the same protease found in SARS CoV-1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
October 2023
Jeju Bio Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Jeju 63349, Republic of Korea.
A new calicivirus isolated from a walrus was reported in 2004. Since unknown marine mammalian zoonotic viruses could pose great risks to human health, this study aimed to develop therapeutic countermeasures to quell any potential outbreak of a pandemic caused by this virus. We first generated a 3D model of the walrus calicivirus capsid protein and identified compounds from marine natural products, especially phlorotannins, as potential walrus calicivirus inhibitors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntioxidants (Basel)
September 2023
Nutrition and Dietetic School, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago 7501015, Chile.
Mitochondrial dysfunction is an interesting therapeutic target to help reduce cancer deaths, and the use of bioactive compounds has emerged as a novel and safe approach to solve this problem. Here, we discuss the information available related to phlorotannins, a type of polyphenol present in brown seaweeds that reportedly functions as antioxidants/pro-oxidants and anti-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic agents. Specifically, available evidence indicates that dieckol and phloroglucinol promote mitochondrial membrane depolarization and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis.
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