Background: The present study aimed to assess the appropriate oxygen saturation target in patients with pediatric respiratory diseases by lowering the oxygen saturation target from SpO 94% to 90%. No previous study has explored appropriate oxygen saturation targets in respiratory diseases other than bronchiolitis.
Methods: The present, prospective, single-arm intervention trial enrolled pediatric inpatients with bronchiolitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, and asthma. The oxygen saturation target was lowered from SpO 94% to 90% after the patients' general condition improved. The patients continued to be observed for 12 h after achieving SpO 94%. The duration from the first cut-off point (SpO 90% for 12 h without oxygen) to the second cut-off point (SpO 94% for 12 h) was then evaluated.
Results: In total, 248 patients completed the study. Patients with bronchiolitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, and asthma had an interval between the two cut-off points of 23.9, 15.5, 19.1, and 13.8 h, respectively, (mean 17.2 h; 95% confidence interval 15.0-19.5).
Conclusions: In generally healthy children, setting the oxygen saturation target at SpO 90% after confirming improvement in their general condition was safe. The time required for increasing SpO from 90% to 94% was longest in the patients with bronchiolitis.
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