The surface fluctuations of a melt film of a low molecular weight cyclic polystyrene (CPS) manifest confinement effects for a film thickness (14) much larger than that for which a melt film of the linear chain analog manifests confinement. This is true both in terms of absolute thickness and thickness relative to chain size, . In fact, the linear analog polymer does not manifest confinement effects even at a thickness of 7. Both types of films have a strongly adsorbed layer at the substrate that plays a role in slowing the surface fluctuations for the thinnest films. This layer is 70% thicker for the cyclic chains than for the linear chains. At the interface with the substrate the packing of the cyclic chains is perturbed much more strongly than is the packing of the linear chains.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00497 | DOI Listing |
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
Shenzhen University, Chemistry, Nanhai Ave 3688, 518060, Shenzhen, CHINA.
The high entropy alloy (HEA) possesses distinctive thermal stability and electronic characteristics, which exhibits substantial potential for diverse applications in electrocatalytic reactions. However, accurately controlling the size of HEA still remains a challenge, especially for the ultrasmall HEA nanoparticles. Herein, we firstly calculate and illustrate the size impact on the electronic structure of HEA and the adsorption energies of crucial intermediates in typical electrocatalytic reactions, such as the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), CO2 electroreduction (CO2RR) and NO3- electroreduction (NO3RR).
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December 2024
Department of Mechanics, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China.
Under confining pressure, rocks transition from brittle failure to plastic failure, and residual strength exists after complete failure. However, in the process of establishing rock damage constitutive models, the strength criteria used usually do not consider residual stress. In cold region engineering, the freeze-thaw effect caused by temperature changes should be considered in the constitutive model, and strength criteria should also be introduced.
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December 2024
Liaoning Institute of Technology and Equipment for Mineral Resources Development and Utilisation in Higher Educational Institutions, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning, China.
Water is one of the most important influences on slope stability in open pit mines. In order to solve the problem of slope stability analysis in multi-aquifer open pit mines, the open pit mine in Block I of Thar Coalfield in Pakistan with multiple aquifers was taken as the research background. The groundwater flow field at different excavation phases was analyzed by numerical simulation method.
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December 2024
Centro de Investigación en Ciencias-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, CP 62209, México.
The article provides and discusses details of numerical proceeding for the expansion method to calculate energy positions and wave functions of the localized and resonant electronic states emerging in quantum well-type semiconductor nanostructures because of perturbation of confined states by the Coulomb potential of the hydrogenic impurity center. Effective mass approximation is used. Several excited both resonant and non-resonant states are calculated and classified for the case of a simple rectangular GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo address the challenges of performing in-situ tests on riverbed overburden gravel, this study employs three scaling methods-equal mass substitution, similar gradation, and the mixed method-to investigate the original gradation of the gravel. Large-scale triaxial consolidated drained shear tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of the maximum particle size reduction ratio (M) and confining pressure on the stress-strain behavior, fractal dimension, particle breakage, and the parameters of the Duncan-Chang model (an elastic model describing nonlinear stress-strain relationships). The study explores how scaling, based on fractal dimension and particle breakage rate, impacts the strength and deformation characteristics of gravel materials.
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