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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00268-022-06607-9 | DOI Listing |
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Neuroanatomical Variability and Substance Use Initiation in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence.
JAMA Netw Open
December 2024
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St Louis, Missouri.
Importance: The extent to which neuroanatomical variability associated with early substance involvement, which is associated with subsequent risk for substance use disorder development, reflects preexisting risk and/or consequences of substance exposure remains poorly understood.
Objective: To examine neuroanatomical features associated with early substance use initiation and to what extent associations may reflect preexisting vulnerability.
Design, Setting, And Participants: Cohort study using data from baseline through 3-year follow-up assessments of the ongoing longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.
Biomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: Stronger default mode (DMN) and bilateral frontoparietal control network (FPCN) resting-state functional connectivity are associated with reduced β-amyloid (Aβ)-related cognitive decline in cognitively unimpaired older adults, who were predominantly Aβ negative. This suggests that these networks might support cognitive resilience in the face of early AD pathology but it remains unclear whether these effects are apparent in preclinical AD. We investigated whether left-FPCN, right-FPCN, and DMN connectivity moderated the effect of Aβ on cognitive decline using a large multi-site dataset from the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease (A4) study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In older adults, greater amyloid (Aβ) and tau positron emission tomography (PET) binding is associated with cognitive decline and dementia. However, the association of early amyloid and tau PET accumulation with cognition at midlife remains unclear. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the associations of Aβ and tau PET with cognition in a predominately middle-aged community-based cohort, as well as to examine the factors that may modify these associations.
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Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Background: Stress is known to have a negative impact on hippocampal volume (HCV) and convey higher risk for development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous research has established differences among older adults by racial/ethnic background in levels of stress (Brown, Mitchell, & Ailshire, 2020) and HCV (Bygrave et al., 2022).
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Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
Background: Adhering to lifestyle-based multimodal interventions to prevent cognitive decline is crucial for their success, but limited evidence exists on determinants of adherence. This gap may stem from inconsistent adherence measurement and reporting across studies. Additionally, uncertainties persist regarding the optimal intervention intensity needed for meaningful cognitive benefits.
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