Objective: The aim is to highlight three cases of focal spasticity and/or dystonia as potential noxious triggers and treatment targets of Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity (PSH).
Methods: We review the literature, explore pathophysiology, and review treatment options. We discuss the clinical course and management of three unique patients who presented to a teaching hospital with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) complicated by PSH managed by a physiatry consult team.
Results: Three patients, ranging in age from 8 months to 27 years, were admitted with severe TBI complicated by PSH refractory to pharmacologic management. All three patients, however, had resolution of PSH within 24-72 hours of focal spasticity treatments (i.e. casting and botulinum toxin injections).
Conclusion: PSH is a constellation of physiologic findings and physical symptoms that is incompletely understood. Management is based on addressing predominant symptom features and physiologic responses. In certain cases, ongoing spasticity and/or dystonia may serve as noxious stimuli for persistence of PSH in moderate to severe brain injury. As such, the focal treatment of spasticity and/or dystonia may be considered as a treatment target in the management of refractory PSH.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2022.2077441 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Assessing stroke-induced abnormal muscle coactivation in the upper limb using the surface EMG co-contraction Index: A systematic review.
J Electromyogr Kinesiol
January 2025
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China. Electronic address:
Electromyography (EMG) is increasingly used in stroke assessment research, with studies showing that EMG co-contraction (EMG-CC) of upper limb muscles can differentiate stroke patients from healthy individuals and correlates with clinical scales assessing motor function. This suggests that EMG-CC has potential for both assessing motor impairments and monitoring recovery in stroke patients. However, systematic reviews on EMG-CC's effectiveness in stroke assessment are lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBaclofen modulates the immune response after spinal cord injury with locomotor benefits.
Br J Pharmacol
January 2025
Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
Background And Purpose: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a neurological condition that affects motor and sensory functions below the injury site. The consequences of SCI are devastating for the patients, and although significant efforts have been done in the last years, there is no effective therapy. Baclofen has emerged in the last few years as an interesting drug in the SCI field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCortical thickness correlated with peripheral inflammatory cytokines in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Front Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare, devastating neurodegenerative disease that affects upper and lower motor neurons, resulting in muscle atrophy, spasticity, hyperreflexia, and paralysis. Inflammation plays an important role in the development of ALS, and associated with rapid disease progression. Current observational studies indicate the thinning of cortical thickness in patients with ALS is associated with rapid disease progression and cognitive changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncidence of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy in the UK from 1991 to 2024: a longitudinal observational cohort study.
Front Med (Lausanne)
January 2025
Section of Virology, Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Introduction: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) may cause spinal cord inflammation, leading to HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM). HAM is a chronic and progressive neurological disorder that is associated with increased mortality and impaired quality of life. There are limited data on the incidence of HAM, with higher rates seen in Latin America and the Caribbean compared to Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!