Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) equilibrium constants () were measured during polymerization of methyl acrylate (MA) with CuBr/CuBr in either dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or acetonitrile (MeCN) in the presence of either tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA) or tris[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine (MeTREN) as the ligand and with ethyl 2-bromopropionate as the initiator. The ln() values changed linearly with the volume fraction of solvents in the reaction medium, allowing extrapolation of the values for to bulk conditions, which were 2 × 10 and 3 × 10 for TPMA and MeTREN ligands at 25 °C, respectively. The temperature effect on values was studied in MA/MeCN = 1/1 (v/v) with TPMA as the ligand in the temperature range from 0 to 60 °C. The values increased with temperature providing Δ = 36 kJ mol in MeCN.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/mz3005378 | DOI Listing |
Mikrochim Acta
September 2024
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
A novel kind of carbon dot (CD) was prepared by one-step hydrothermal microwave assisted method using L-tryptophan and L-tartaric acid as raw materials. Monodisperse poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) microspheres were utilized as the matrix, with praseodymium (Pr) ion (Pr) as the template, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer, and 5-amino-8-hydroxyquinoline (5-AHQ) acts as the ligand. A composite microsphere of ion-imprinted polymer (IIP) and CD (noted CD@IIP) was prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMikrochim Acta
March 2024
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
A carbon dot (CD) was prepared by o-phenylenediamine and water, which showed bright yellow fluorescence under ultraviolet light irradiation (λ = 580 nm), and verified good fluorescence quenching effect on penicillin G sodium (Png-Na). Using methacrylic acid as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinker, and Png-Na as a template, a kind of composite microsphere combining CD and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized by surface-initiated atomic transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). For reasons of comparison, we also prepared MIP without CD and non-imprinted polymers (NIPs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDalton Trans
February 2024
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Tripodal tetradentate N donor ligands stabilise the most active ATRP catalyst systems. Here, we set out to synthesise the new guanidine ligand TMG-4NMeuns-penp, inspired by -substituted tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA) ligands. The impact of changing pyridine against guanidine donors was examined through solid state and solution experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Macro Lett
December 2023
Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.
An electrochemically controlled atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was successfully carried out with a minimal amount (ppm-level) of FeBr catalyst in a nonpolar solvent, specifically anisole. Traditionally, nonpolar media have been advantageous for Fe-based ATRP, but their low conductivity has hindered any electrochemical application. This study introduces the application of electrocatalytic methods in a highly nonpolar polymerization medium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMacromolecules
March 2023
Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
We investigated gelation in photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) as a function of Cu catalyst loading and thus primary chain dispersity. Using parallel polymerizations of methyl acrylate with and without the addition of a divinyl crosslinker (1,6-hexanediol diacrylate), the approximate values of molecular weights and dispersities of the primary chains at incipient gelation were obtained. In accordance with the Flory-Stockmayer theory, experimental gelation occurred at gradually lower conversions when the dispersity of the primary chains increased while maintaining a constant monomer/initiator/crosslinker ratio.
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