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Autoantibodies against apolipoprotein A-1 after COVID-19 predict symptoms persistence. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to the development of auto-antibodies, specifically anti-apolipoprotein A-1 IgGs (AAA1), which may play a role in lingering symptoms after COVID-19.
  • A study tracked AAA1 levels in hospital employees with COVID-19 over twelve months and found that AAA1 positivity dropped from 93% at one month to 15% at twelve months, while 45.1% of participants reported persistent symptoms.
  • Results indicated that AAA1 levels are a predictor of persistent respiratory symptoms after COVID-19, potentially through increasing the production of Interferon-α, suggesting a need for further research on the usefulness of measuring AAA1 in COVID-19 risk assessment

Article Abstract

Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers different auto-antibodies, including anti-apolipoprotein A-1 IgGs (AAA1), which could be of concern as mediators of persistent symptoms. We determined the kinetics of AAA1 response over after COVID-19 and the impact of AAA1 on the inflammatory response and symptoms persistence.

Methods: All serologies were assessed at one, three, six and twelve months in 193 hospital employees with COVID-19. ROC curve analyses and logistic regression models (LRM) were used to determine the prognostic accuracy of AAA1 and their association with patient-reported COVID-19 symptoms persistence at 12 months. Interferon (IFN)-α and-γ production by AAA1-stimulated human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM) was assessed in vitro.

Results: AAA1 seropositivity was 93% at one month and declined to 15% at 12 months after COVID-19. Persistent symptoms at 12 months were observed in 45.1% of participants, with a predominance of neurological (28.5%), followed by general (15%) and respiratory symptoms (9.3%). Over time, strength of correlations between AAA1 and anti-SARS-COV2 serologies decreased, but remained significant. From the 3 month on, AAA1 levels predicted persistent respiratory symptoms (area under the curves 0.72-0.74; p < 0.001), independently of disease severity, age and gender (adjusted odds ratios 4.81-4.94; p = 0.02), while anti-SARS-CoV-2 serologies did not. AAA1 increased IFN-α production by HMDMs (p = 0.03), without affecting the IFN-γ response.

Conclusion: COVID-19 induces a marked though transient AAA1 response, independently predicting one-year persistence of respiratory symptoms. By increasing IFN-α response, AAA1 may contribute to persistent symptoms. If and how AAA1 levels assessment could be of use for COVID-19 risk stratification remains to be determined.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9348059PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eci.13818DOI Listing

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