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Relapse surveillance of acute myeloid leukemia patients in first remission after consolidation chemotherapy: diagnostic value of regular bone marrow aspirations. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study looked at how to detect when acute myeloid leukemia (AML) might come back in patients who are currently in remission after intense treatment.
  • Researchers checked the records of 86 patients from 2007 to 2019 who were in complete remission after receiving chemotherapy.
  • They found that doing regular checks using bone marrow aspirations helped find more relapses, especially in the first two years after treatment, indicating this could be an effective way to monitor patients.

Article Abstract

The optimal follow-up care for relapse detection in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients in first remission after consolidation therapy with intensive chemotherapy is not established. In this retrospective study, we evaluate the diagnostic value of an intensive relapse surveillance strategy by regular bone marrow aspirations (BMA) in these patients. We identified 86 patients with newly diagnosed non-promyelocytic AML who had reached complete remission (CR) after intensive induction and consolidation chemotherapy between 2007 and 2019. Annual relapse rates were 40%, 17%, and 2% in years 1-3, respectively. Patients in CR were surveilled by BMA scheduled every 3 months for 2 years, followed by BMA every 6 months. This surveillance regimen detected 29 of 55 relapses (53%), 11 of which were molecular relapses (20%). The remaining 26 of 55 relapses (47%) were diagnosed by non-surveillance BMA prompted by specific suspicion of relapse. Most patients showed concurrent morphological abnormalities in peripheral blood (PB) at time of relapse. Seven percent of all morphological relapses occurred without simultaneous PB abnormalities and would have been delayed without surveillance BMA. Intensified monthly PB assessment paired with BMA every 3 months during the first 2 years may be a highly sensitive relapse surveillance strategy.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9279263PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00277-022-04862-3DOI Listing

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