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Pseudocleavage furrows restrict plasma membrane-associated PH domain in syncytial Drosophila embryos. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Syncytial cells have multiple nuclei and maintain distinct cellular functions even though their components are produced in a shared cytoplasm, particularly noted in Drosophila embryos.
  • Research shows that in these embryos, the distribution of plasma membrane-associated proteins is limited, which might be linked to the cellular structure within distinct nucleocytoplasmic regions.
  • By introducing a specific protein (PH domain) at the embryo's front, scientists observed a gradient distribution affected by the arrangement of the plasma membrane, revealing insights into how proteins spread and could relate to other important molecules like morphogens.

Article Abstract

Syncytial cells contain multiple nuclei and have local distribution and function of cellular components despite being synthesized in a common cytoplasm. The syncytial Drosophila blastoderm embryo shows reduced spread of organelle and plasma membrane-associated proteins between adjacent nucleo-cytoplasmic domains. Anchoring to the cytoarchitecture within a nucleo-cytoplasmic domain is likely to decrease the spread of molecules; however, its role in restricting this spread has not been assessed. In order to analyze the cellular mechanisms that regulate the rate of spread of plasma membrane-associated molecules in the syncytial Drosophila embryos, we express a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain in a localized manner at the anterior of the embryo by tagging it with the bicoid mRNA localization signal. Anteriorly expressed PH domain forms an exponential gradient in the anteroposterior axis with a longer length scale compared with Bicoid. Using a combination of experiments and theoretical modeling, we find that the characteristic distribution and length scale emerge due to plasma membrane sequestration and restriction within an energid. Loss of plasma membrane remodeling to form pseudocleavage furrows shows an enhanced spread of PH domain but not Bicoid. Modeling analysis suggests that the enhanced spread of the PH domain occurs due to the increased spread of the cytoplasmic population of the PH domain in pseudocleavage furrow mutants. Our analysis of cytoarchitecture interaction in regulating plasma membrane protein distribution and constraining its spread has implications on the mechanisms of spread of various molecules, such as morphogens in syncytial cells.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9279176PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2022.05.015DOI Listing

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