Employment of enzymes as biocatalysts offers immense benefits across diverse sectors in the context of green chemistry, biodegradability, and sustainability. When compared to free enzymes in solution, enzyme immobilization proposes an effective means of improving functional efficiency and operational stability. The advance of printable and functional materials utilized in additive manufacturing, coupled with the capability to produce bespoke geometries, has sparked great interest toward the 3-dimensional (3D) printing of immobilized enzymes. Printable biocatalysts represent a new generation of enzyme immobilization in a more customizable and adaptable manner, unleashing their potential functionalities for countless applications in industrial biotechnology. This review provides an overview of enzyme immobilization techniques and 3D printing technologies, followed by illustrations of the latest 3D printed enzyme-immobilized industrial and clinical applications. The unique advantages of harnessing 3D printing as an enzyme immobilization technique will be presented, alongside a discussion on its potential limitations. Finally, the future perspectives of integrating 3D printing with enzyme immobilization will be considered, highlighting the endless possibilities that are achievable in both research and industry.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mabi.202200110 | DOI Listing |
Polymers (Basel)
January 2025
Center for Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems (CMEMS), Campus Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
Indwelling medical devices, such as urinary catheters, often experience bacterial colonization, forming biofilms that resist antibiotics and the host's immune defenses through quorum sensing (QS), a chemical communication system. This study explores the development of antimicrobial coatings by immobilizing acylase, a quorum-quenching enzyme, on sandblasted polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces. PDMS, commonly used in medical devices, was sandblasted to increase its surface roughness, enhancing acylase attachment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
January 2025
School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
Climate change and the energy crisis, driven by excessive CO emissions, have emerged as pressing global challenges. The conversion of CO into high-value chemicals not only mitigates atmospheric CO levels but also optimizes carbon resource utilization. Enzyme-catalyzed carbon technology offers a green and efficient approach to CO conversion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
General Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan.
Lactoferrin is a highly safe antibacterial protein found in the human body and in foods. Calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles with immobilized lactoferrin could therefore be useful as intraoral disinfectants for the prevention and treatment of dental infections because CaP is a mineral component of human teeth. In this study, we fabricated CaP nanoparticles with co-immobilized lactoferrin and heparin using a simple one-step coprecipitation process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Biophysics and Biotechnology Department, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya Square, 394018 Voronezh, Russia.
This study explores various methods for the covalent immobilization of cysteine proteases (ficin, papain, and bromelain). Covalent immobilization involves the formation of covalent bonds between the enzyme and a carrier or between enzyme molecules themselves without a carrier using a crosslinking agent. This process enhances the stability of the enzyme and allows for the creation of preparations with specific and controlled properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
January 2025
Laboratory of Microbial Enzymology, G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prosp. Nauki 5, 142290 Pushchino, Russia.
Phenolic compounds are an extensive group of natural and anthropogenic organic substances of the aromatic series containing one or more hydroxyl groups. The main sources of phenols entering the environment are waste from metallurgy and coke plants, enterprises of the leather, furniture, and pulp and paper industries, as well as wastewater from the production of phenol-formaldehyde resins, adhesives, plastics, and pesticides. Among this group of compounds, phenol is the most common environmental pollutant.
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