Serum transfer RNA-derived fragment tRF-31-79MP9P9NH57SD acts as a novel diagnostic biomarker for non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) have been found to have a crucial function in the pathophysiology of cancers. However, the function of tRFs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is yet unknown. The goal of this study was to assess the tRF-31-79MP9P9NH57SD serum expression from NSCLC patients and to determine its diagnostic usefulness.

Methods: By using stem-loop quantitative real-time PCR, we were able to detect various tRF-31-79MP9P9NH57SD expressions in 96 NSCLC serum samples, 96 healthy controls, and 20 pairs of NSCLC serum samples pre- and post-surgery (qRT-PCR). After that, we analyzed its diagnostic effectiveness using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results: Serum tRF-31-79MP9P9NH57SD expression was higher in NSCLC patients, and levels of tRF-31-79MP9P9NH57SD were linked to the clinical stage (p = 0.002) and the malignancy of lymph node (p = 0.012). In addition, after the procedure, the serum tRF-31-79MP9P9NH57SD expression in NSCLC patients dropped. With 48.96 percent sensitivity and 90.62 percent specificity, the area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.733.

Conclusion: serum tRF-31-79MP9P9NH57SD possibly is a new and groundbreaking biomarker for the NSCLC.