The fully biobased polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymers provide interesting alternatives for petrochemical derived plastic materials. The mechanical properties of some PHAs, including the common poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), are limited, but tunable by addition of other monomers into the polymer chain. In this study we present a precise synthetic biology method to adjust lactate monomer fraction of a polymer by controlling the monomer formation at gene expression level, independent of cultivation conditions. We used the modified doxycycline-based Tet-On approach to adjust the expression of the stereospecific D-lactate dehydrogenase gene () from to control D-lactic acid formation in yeast . The synthetic Tet-On transcription factor with a VP16 activation domain was continuously expressed and its binding to a synthetic promoter with eight transcription factor specific binding sites upstream of the gene was controlled with the doxycycline concentration in the media. The increase in doxycycline concentration correlated positively with expression, D-lactic acid production, poly(D-lactic acid) (PDLA) accumulation , and D-lactic acid content in the poly(D-lactate--3-hydroxybutyrate) P(LA-3HB) copolymer. We demonstrated that the D-lactic acid content of the P(LA-3HB) copolymer can be adjusted linearly from 6 mol% to 93 mol% in . These results highlight the power of controlling gene expression and monomer formation in the tuning of the polymer composition. In addition, we obtained 5.6% PDLA and 19% P(LA-3HB) of the cell dry weight (CDW), which are over two- and five-fold higher accumulation levels, respectively, than reported in the previous studies with yeast. We also compared two engineered PHA synthases and discovered that in the PHA synthase PhaC1437 produced P(LA-3HB) copolymers with lower D-lactic acid content, but with higher molecular weight, in comparison to the PHA synthase PhaC1Pre.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9095885PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mec.2022.e00199DOI Listing

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