Guanyl-urea phosphate (GUP) was introduced into furfurylated wood in order to improve fire retardancy. Modified wood was produced via vacuum-pressure impregnation of the GUP-furfuryl alcohol (FA) aqueous solution, which was then polymerized at elevated temperature. The water leaching resistance of the treated wood was tested according to European standard EN 84, while the leached water was analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and inductively coupled plasma-sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS). This new type of furfurylated wood was further characterized in the laboratory by evaluating its morphology and elemental composition using optical microscopy and electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX). The chemical functionality was detected using infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the fire resistance was tested using cone calorimetry. The dimensional stability was evaluated in wet-dry soaking cycle tests, along with the mechanical properties, such as the Brinell hardness and bending strength. The fire retardancy of the modified furfurylated wood indicated that the flammability of wood can be depressed to some extent by introducing GUP. This was reflected in an observed reduction in heat release rate (HRR) from 454.8 to 264.9 kW/m, without a reduction in the material properties. In addition, this leaching-resistant furfurylated wood exhibited higher fire retardancy compared to conventional furfurylated wood. A potential method for producing fire-retardant treated furfurylated wood stable to water exposure has been suggested.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9104981 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14091829 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Chemical Resistance of Modified Wood Veneers in Sustainable Load Bearing Elements.
ACS Omega
December 2024
Vehicle Safety Institute, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13/6, 8010 Graz, Austria.
In the pursuit of sustainable engineering solutions, material selection is increasingly directed toward resources that offer functional efficacy, economic feasibility, and minimal environmental impact. To replace environmentally damaging materials like aluminum with more sustainable alternatives like wood-based materials, it is essential to improve the durability and longevity of wood. This study explores the potential suitability of modified veneers as an outer protective layer for unmodified wooden load-bearing elements, providing a cost-effective and resource-efficient alternative to bulk modification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Tannins Addition on Thermal Stability of Furfurylated Wood.
Polymers (Basel)
April 2023
LERMAB (Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois), Université de Lorraine, INRAE, 54000 Nancy, France.
This article presents the effect of the addition of condensed tannins, used as a reticulation agent, on the polymerization of furfuryl alcohol during wood furfurylation, as well as the effect of these condensed tannins on the thermal stability of modified wood. Three kinds of dicarboxylic acids (adipic acid, succinic acid, and tartaric acid), as well as glyoxal, used as model of a wood reticulation agent, were used to catalyze the polymerization of furfuryl alcohol or tannin-furfuryl alcohol solutions. Impregnation of furfuryl alcohol or tannin-furfuryl alcohol solution into the wood, followed by curing at 103 °C for a specific duration, was performed for the wood modification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrostructural and Thermo-Mechanical Characterization of Furfurylated Douglas Fir.
Polymers (Basel)
October 2022
Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Fast-growing wood has become a major source of materials for the wood industry in recent years, but defects have limited its use. Therefore, modification is urgently needed for the more efficient application of wood products. In this study, a 30 to 50% solution of furfuryl alcohol (FA) was impregnated into Douglas fir sapwood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFire Retardancy and Leaching Resistance of Furfurylated Pine Wood ( L.) Treated with Guanyl-Urea Phosphate.
Polymers (Basel)
April 2022
Wood Science and Engineering, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, SE-931 77 Skelleftea, Sweden.
Guanyl-urea phosphate (GUP) was introduced into furfurylated wood in order to improve fire retardancy. Modified wood was produced via vacuum-pressure impregnation of the GUP-furfuryl alcohol (FA) aqueous solution, which was then polymerized at elevated temperature. The water leaching resistance of the treated wood was tested according to European standard EN 84, while the leached water was analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and inductively coupled plasma-sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Distribution and Polymerization Mechanism of Polyfurfuryl Alcohol (PFA) with Lignin in Furfurylated Wood.
Polymers (Basel)
March 2022
School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
There is increasing interest in furfurylated wood, but the polymerization mechanism between its internal polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) and lignin is still uncertain. This paper investigated the distribution of PFA and the feasibility of the polymerization of PFA with lignin in furfurylated balsa wood. The wood first immersed in the furfuryl alcohol (FA) solution followed by in situ polymerization and the distribution of PFA was characterized by Raman, fluorescence microscopy, SEM, and CLSM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!