Background: In studies of social inequalities in health, there is no consensus on the best measure of socioeconomic position (SEP). Moreover, subjective indicators are increasingly used to measure SEP. The aim of this paper was to develop a composite score for SEP based on weighted combinations of education and income in estimating subjective SEP, and examine how this score performs in predicting inequalities in health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
Methods: We used data from a comprehensive health survey from Northern Norway, conducted in 2015/16 (N = 21,083). A composite SEP score was developed using adjacent-category logistic regression of subjective SEP as a function of four education and four household income levels. Weights were derived based on these indicators' coefficients in explaining variations in respondents' subjective SEP. The composite SEP score was further applied to predict inequalities in HRQoL, measured by the EQ-5D and a visual analogue scale.
Results: Education seemed to influence SEP the most, while income added weight primarily for the highest income category. The weights demonstrated clear non-linearities, with large jumps from the middle to the higher SEP score levels. Analyses of the composite SEP score indicated a clear social gradient in both HRQoL measures.
Conclusions: We provide new insights into the relative contribution of education and income as sources of SEP, both separately and in combination. Combining education and income into a composite SEP score produces more comprehensive estimates of the social gradient in health. A similar approach can be applied in any cohort study that includes education and income data.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13366-8 | DOI Listing |
Health Econ Rev
January 2025
Economics Department, University of Malawi, P.O. box 280, Zomba, Malawi.
Background: Poverty remains a key barrier to accessing essential maternal health services, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Malawi. Despite the recognised importance of antenatal care (ANC) in ensuring healthy pregnancies as well as improving maternal and child health outcomes, ANC services remain underutilised by many women living in poverty. This underutilisation is not solely driven by a lack of financial resources but also by a range of non-monetary factors that constitute multidimensional poverty, such as limited access to education, healthcare services, and infrastructure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Neonatology, St John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Introduction: Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) graduates are at risk of sudden death at home after discharge. Many of these deaths can be prevented if parents can identify warning signs and provide immediate resuscitation.
Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of training parents of high-risk neonates in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to deliver infant resuscitation effectively.
ANZ J Surg
January 2025
College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.
Background: Despite advances in medical education and professional opportunities, orthopaedic surgery remains the least gender-diverse medical specialty, with women significantly underrepresented globally. This scoping review aims to synthesize existing literature to provide a comprehensive overview of the barriers and facilitators encountered by females in orthopaedic surgery training and practice.
Methods: A comprehensive search of Medline (OVID), Scopus, Embase, Emcare, and CINAHL was performed from inception to 14 July 2024.
BMC Womens Health
January 2025
School of Nursing, Fudan University, 305 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Purpose: This scoping review aims to summarize online health information seeking (OHIS) behavior among breast cancer patients and survivors, identify research gaps, and offer insights for future studies.
Methods: Following Arksey and O'Malley's framework, we conducted a review across PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and SinoMed, covering literature from 1 January 2014 to 13 August 2023. A total of 1,368 articles were identified, with 33 meeting the inclusion criteria.
BMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
Oral Health Initiative, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Background: Despite assumptions that insurance coverage would boost oral healthcare utilization in Nigeria, there is insufficient evidence supporting this claim. This study investigates the associations between residential location, awareness of the oral health insurance scheme, history of dental service utilization, and acceptance of oral health insurance among individuals benefiting from the Ilera Eko Scheme; a scheme that integrates preventive and curative oral health care into the state health insurance scheme.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from July to November 2023 recruiting from a database of 1520 enrollees aged of 18 and 72-years-old who had been on the scheme for at least three months.
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