The functional role of fecal microbiota transplantation on Salmonella Enteritidis infection in chicks.

The intestinal microbiota plays important roles in animal health and growth. We investigated the efficacy and mechanisms of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from adult SPF chickens against Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) infection in chicks. We transplanted 160 recipient SPF chicks (1-day-old) that were randomly divided into four groups, Ca (challenge), Cb (non-challenge), Fa (FMT and challenge) and Fb (FMT without challenge). The experiment lasted 40 days. We found that FMT reduced mortality as well as liver inflammatory lesions, promoted weight gain, improved immunity, ameliorated the digestion and absorption ability and inhibited SE colonization in the liver of challenged chicks. 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing indicated that SE challenge caused a significant increase in the relative abundance of Parasutterella in the cecal microbiota of the recipient chicks (P < 0.05). FMT led to the maturation of the intestinal flora of recipients and the relative abundance of the Bacteroides, Rikenellaceae_ RC9_ gut_ group, Prevotellaceae_ UCG_ 001, Prevotellaceae_ Ga6A1_ group and Parabacteroides was significantly increased (P < 0.05). FMT from adult SPF chickens regulated the intestinal microbiota of chicks and increased resistance to SE infection.