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H*10 neutron dosimetry (unlike gamma dosimetry), requires consideration of neutron energy spectra due to the 20× variation of the weight factor over the thermal-to-fast energy range, as well as the neutron radiation field dose rates ranging from cosmic, ~.01 μSv h-1 levels to commonly encountered ~10-200 μSv h-1 in nuclear laboratories/processing plants, and upwards of 104 Sv h-1 in nuclear reactor environments. This paper discusses the outcome of the comparison of spectrum-weighted neutron dosimetry covering thermal-to-fast energy using the novel H*-TMFD spectroscopy-enabled sensor system in comparison with measurements using state-of-the-art neutron dosimetry systems at SRNS-Rotating Spectrometer (ROSPEC), and non-spectroscopic Eberline ASP2E ("Eberline") and Ludlum 42-49B ("Ludlum") survey instrumentation.

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Pulse approach: a physics-guided machine learning model for thermal analysis in laser-based powder bed fusion of metals.

Prog Addit Manuf

July 2024

Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.

Fast and accurate representation of heat transfer in laser powder-bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M) is essential for thermo-mechanical analyses. As an example, it benefits the detection of thermal hotspots at the design stage. While traditional physics-based numerical approaches such as the finite element (FE) method are applicable to a wide variety of problems, they are computationally too expensive for PBF-LB/M due to the space- and time-discretization requirements.

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Background: Histotripsy is a non-invasive, non-ionizing, non-thermal focused ultrasound technique. High amplitude short acoustic pulses converge to create high negative pressures that cavitate endogenous gas into a bubble cloud leading to mechanical tissue destruction. In the United States, histotripsy is approved to treat liver tumors under diagnostic ultrasound guidance but in initial clinical cases, some areas of the liver have not been treated due to bone or gas obstructing the acoustic window for targeting.

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Background: Rice is a staple food for the global population. However, extreme weather events threaten the stability of the water supply for agriculture, posing a critical challenge to the stability of the food supply. The use of technology to assess the water status of rice plants enables the precise management of agricultural water resources.

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