To evaluate and compare the compressive strength of root dentin exposed to calcium hydroxide, mixed with various vehicles for a period of 30 days - An study.

Background: Long-term use of intracanal medicaments such as calcium hydroxide (CH) reduces the fracture resistance of dentin.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the compressive strength of root dentin exposed to CH, mixed with various vehicles after 30 days of placement.

Settings And Design: Sixty single-rooted extracted human permanent premolars were collected, and complete instrumentation was done. Samples were divided into six groups.

Materials And Methods: In Group I, no medicament was placed. In Group II, Group III, and Group IV, the root canals were filled with CH powder mixed with normal saline, distilled water, and local anesthetic solution. In Group V and Group VI, the root canals were filled with Metapaste and RC-Cal. Access cavities were sealed using IRM and were stored for 30 days. Teeth sectioned to obtain a 5 mm thick dentin cylinder subjected to compressive loading to evaluate the fracture resistance using a universal testing machine.

Statistical Analysis: Results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons using Bonferroni test.

Results: Highest mean compressive strength was recorded in Group I followed by Group II, Group IV, Group VI, Group III, and Group V.

Conclusions: CH when used as a root canal dressing material will reduce the compressive strength of the teeth irrespective of the form of CH and vehicle.