In this paper, analytical and numerical studies of species separation in vertical and horizontal porous, cylindrical annular cells were presented. The binary fluid, saturating the porous medium, is a water-ethanol mixture. The thickness e of the horizontal and vertical columns is equal to [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are, respectively, the internal and the external radii. H is the height of the vertical cell, and the length of the horizontal cell. Constant temperatures, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], were imposed on the inner and outer cylinders. Since an important species separation, in thermogravitational column (TGC), is obtained for [Formula: see text], the same assumption was made for the two configurations. The analytical solution was obtained using the parallel flow approximation for both configurations. The governing equations were solved numerically for 2D and 3D configurations using two different software (Comsol Multiphysics and a spectral collocation method with Gauss-Lobatto-Chebyshev points). Velocity, temperature, mass fraction fields and time to reach steady state were compared for the two configurations. The amount of species separated at the top or the bottom of each cell was also compared for each configuration.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/s10189-022-00204-3 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Bubbles present in saline water typically exhibit a prolonged lifetime, making them attractive for various engineering processes. Herein, we unveil a transition from delayed bubble coalescence to rapid bursting within about one millisecond in salty solutions. The key aspect in understanding this transition lies in the combined influences of surface deformation and ion surface excess instead of characterizing the ions alone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Plant Microbe Interact
January 2025
Phytopathologie und Pflanzenschutz, Institut für Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaften, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Iron plays a prominent role in various biological processes and is an essential element in almost all organisms, including plant-pathogenic fungi. As a transition element, iron occurs in two redox states, Fe and Fe, the transition between which generates distinct reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as HO, OH anions, and toxic OH· radicals. Thus, the redox status of Fe determines ROS formation in pathogen attack and plant defense and governs the outcome of pathogenic interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
January 2025
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
Improving human health and comfort in buildings requires efficient temperature regulation. Temperature control system has a significant contribution in minimizing the impact of climate change. Temperature control system is used in industry to control temperature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Institute for Plasma Research, HBNI, Bhat, Gandhinagar, 382428, India.
The stability of kinetic-level convection cells (wherein the magnitude of macroscopic and microscopic velocities are of same order) is studied in a two-dimensional Yukawa liquid under the effect of microscopic velocity perturbations. Our numerical experiments demonstrate that for a given system aspect ratio β viz., the ratio of system length [Formula: see text] to its height [Formula: see text] and number of convective rolls initiated [Formula: see text], the fate of the convective cells is decided by [Formula: see text].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
School of Urban Geology and Engineering, Hebei GEO University, 050031, Shijiazhuang, China.
Both over-exploitation and exploitation reduction of groundwater can alter the conditions of groundwater recharge and discharge, thereby impacting the overall quality of groundwater. This study utilizes hydrogeochemical methods and statistical analysis to explore the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of groundwater chemistry in the saline-freshwater funnel area of Hengshui City under exploitation reduction. The results showed that: With the exception of the deep freshwater funnel area in the western region, which exhibits a trend of water quality deterioration (Cl accounted for more than 25%), groundwater quality in the other funnel areas demonstrates an improving trend (HCO[Formula: see text] accounted for more than 25%).
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