miR-375 Induced the Formation and Transgenerational Inheritance of Fatty Liver in Poultry by Targeting .

The liver of poultry is the primary site of lipid synthesis. The excessive production of lipids accumulates in liver tissues causing lipid metabolism disorders, which result in fatty liver disease and have a transgenerational effect of acquired phenotypes. However, its specific mechanisms have not yet been fully understood. In this study, the differentially expressed miR-375 as well as its target gene (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1) were screened out by interaction network analysis of microRNA sequencing results and transcriptome profiling in the fatty liver group of the F0-F3 generation ( < 0.05 or  < 0.01). Furthermore, the results showed that the number of lipid droplets and triglyceride content were significantly decreased after upregulation of miR-375 in primary hepatocyte culture ( < 0.05 or  < 0.01). The 1 knockdown group exhibited the opposite trends ( < 0.05 or  < 0.01). , , , and related to cell proliferation were significantly upregulated or downregulated after knocking down ( < 0.05). This research uniquely revealed that silencing miR-375 inhibits lipid biosynthesis and promotes cell proliferation, which may be due to the partial regulation of the expression level of , thereby further participating in the transgenerational inheritance process of regulating liver lipid metabolism. These results reveal the pathogenesis of fatty liver in noncoding RNA and provide good candidate genes for breeding progress of disease resistance in chickens.