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Horizontal augmentation techniques in the mandible: a systematic review. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study focuses on the placement of dental implants, particularly in cases where there is significant bone resorption in the mandible, requiring bone augmentation for successful rehabilitation.
  • A systematic review analyzed eight clinical studies on various lateral augmentation techniques utilizing different grafting materials between January 1995 and March 2021, involving 276 procedures.
  • Results indicated a mean increase of 4.8 mm in horizontal bone width across most studies, with low graft failure rates; however, the need for more randomized controlled trials was highlighted due to limited existing data on augmentation strategies.

Article Abstract

Purpose: Placement of dental implants has evolved to be an advantageous treatment option for rehabilitation of the fully or partially edentulous mandible. In case of extensive horizontal bone resorption, the bone volume needs to be augmented prior to or during implant placement in order to obtain dental rehabilitation and maximize implant survival and success.

Methods: Our aim was to systematically review the available data on lateral augmentation techniques in the horizontally compromised mandible considering all grafting protocols using xenogeneic, synthetic, or allogeneic material. A computerized and manual literature search was performed for clinical studies (published January 1995 to March 2021).

Results: Eight studies ultimately met the inclusion criteria comprising a total of 276 procedures of xenogeneic, allogeneic, or autogenous bone graft applications in horizontal ridge defects. Particulate materials as well as bone blocks were used as grafts with a mean follow-up of 26.0 months across all included studies. Outcome measures, approaches and materials varied from study to study. A gain of horizontal bone width of the mandible with a mean of 4.8 mm was observed in seven of eight studies. All but one study, reported low bone graft failure rates of 4.4% in average.

Conclusions: Only limited data are available on the impact of different horizontal augmentation strategies in the mandible. The results show outcomes for xenogeneic as well as autologous bone materials for horizontal ridge augmentation of the lower jaw. The use of allogeneic bone-block grafts in combination with resorbable barrier membranes must be re-evaluated. Randomized controlled clinical trials are largely missing.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9086020PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40729-022-00421-7DOI Listing

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