Excessive nutrient inputs imperil the stability of forest ecosystems via modifying the interactions among soil properties, microbes, and plants, particularly in forests composed of cash crops that are under intensive disturbances of agricultural activities, such as Torreya grandis. Understanding the potential drivers of soil microbial community helps scientists develop effective strategies for balancing the protection and productivity of the ancient Torreya forest. Here, we assayed the link between plant and soil parameters and prokaryote communities in bulk soil and T. grandis rhizosphere in 900-year-old stands by detecting plant and soil properties in two independent sites in southeastern China. Our results showed no apparent influence of stand age on the compositions of prokaryote communities in bulk soil and T. grandis rhizosphere. In contrast, soil abiotic factors (i.e., soil pH) overwhelm plant characteristics (i.e., height, plant tissue carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus content) and contribute most to the shift in prokaryote communities in bulk soil and T. grandis rhizosphere. Soil pH leads to an increase in microbiota alpha diversity in both compartments. With the help of a random forest, we found a critical transition point of pH (pH = 4.9) for the dominance of acidic and near-neutral bacterial groups. Co-occurrence network analysis further revealed a substantially simplified network in plots with a pH of <4.9 versus samples with a pH of ≥4.9, indicating that soil acidification induces biodiversity loss and disrupts potential interactions among soil microbes. Our findings provide empirical evidence that soil abiotic properties nearly completely offset the roles of host plants in the assembly and potential interactions of rhizosphere microorganisms. Hence, reduction in inorganic fertilization and proper liming protocols should be seriously considered by local farmers to protect ancient Torreya forests.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155573 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by tau lesions and amyloid plaques, has traditionally been investigated within the cortical domain. Recent neuroimaging studies have implicated micro- and macrostructural abnormalities in cortical layers during the progression of AD. While examinations from diverse brain regions have contributed to comprehending the regional severity, these approaches have constrained the ability to delineate cortical alterations in AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is complex and multifactorial. Precision medicine approaches are needed to capture the basis of heterogeneity in AD pathogenesis, clinical presentation and neuropathology. Large-scale molecular, deep phenotypic and exposomal data necessary to enable precision medicine research requires team-based, interdisciplinary programs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Anim Sci Biotechnol
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Pig industry Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
Background: There is a growing focus on using various plant-derived agricultural by-products to increase the benefits of pig farming, but these feedstuffs are fibrous in nature. This study investigated the relationship between dietary fiber physicochemical properties and feedstuff fermentation characteristics and their effects on nutrient utilization, energy metabolism, and gut microbiota in growing pigs.
Methods: Thirty-six growing barrows (47.
ISME Commun
January 2024
Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Bioprocess Engineering, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.
A comprehensive understanding of microbial community dynamics is fundamental to the advancement of environmental microbiology, human health, and biotechnology. Metaproteomics, defined as the analysis of all proteins present within a microbial community, provides insights into these complex systems. Microbial adaptation and activity depend to an important extent on newly synthesized proteins (nP), however, the distinction between nP and bulk proteins is challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArchaeol Anthropol Sci
December 2024
Institut Català d'Arqueologia Clàssica (ICAC-CERCA), Tarragona, ES Spain.
Unlabelled: During the Iron Age, north-eastern Iberian communities relied on crop cultivation and animal husbandry for their subsistence. The latter was mainly focused on caprine, with sheep being prominent due to their suitability to the Mediterranean climate, orography, and environment. Despite the pivotal role of sheep in livestock husbandry, information on Iberian communities' feeding strategies for this species is limited.
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