AI Article Synopsis
- IBD is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract that shows significant differences between males and females in terms of prevalence, symptoms, and treatment outcomes.
- Sex hormones like estrogen, progesterone, and androgen may influence these differences, affecting aspects such as immune responses and gut health.
- Understanding these sex-specific factors could enhance diagnosis and treatment for IBD patients, who often have diverse disease profiles.
Article Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, is a global health care problem. Compelling evidence shows sex differences regarding the prevalence, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and treatment outcome of IBD. Sex hormones, including estrogen, progesterone, and androgen, have been proposed to have a role in the pathogenesis of sexual dimorphism in IBD. Clinical and experimental data support the modulatory effects of sex hormones on various clinical characteristics of the disease, including intestinal barrier dysfunction and mucosal immune activation. Additionally, the potential role of sex hormones in the modulation of gut microbiota is attracting increasing attention. Here, we discuss the sex dimorphic disease profile and address the potential mechanisms involved in the sex-specific pathogenesis of IBD. Improved understanding of these sex differences in the clinic could improve the knowledge of patients with IBD with heterogeneous disease profiles.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izac094 | DOI Listing |
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