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Individual and community level factors of safe child feces disposal among youngest children in East Africa: a multilevel modeling analysis using recent national demography and health survey data.
Arch Public Health
July 2024
Department of Comprehensive Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Southern, Ethiopia.
Background: The Joint Monitoring Program (JMP) for water supply and sanitation developed by the WHO and UNICEF defines safe child feces disposal practices as either burial or defecation into a toilet. Children become exposed to fecal-oral illnesses when their stools are not disposed of appropriately, and this vulnerability persists until all children's stools are properly disposed of. Data on the elements influencing child feces disposal in East Africa is scarce.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA comprehensive survey and analysis of international drinking water regulations for inorganic chemicals with comparisons to the World Health Organization's drinking-water guidelines.
PLoS One
November 2023
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norwich University, Northfield, VT, United States of America.
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has published criteria for determining the quality of drinking water since 1958. Since 1984, these criteria were termed "guidelines" to emphasize that they are not national standards, but rather guidelines for nations to develop their own national standards, which may take into account local environmental, social, economic, and cultural conditions. When calculating guideline values (GVs), the WHO reviews the toxicological literature, calculates a health-based value (HBV), and determines whether the HBV should be adopted as a GV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDefined daily dose definition in medication adherence assessment in asthma.
Eur Clin Respir J
April 2023
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Adherence to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) has been described as poor. In adherence studies, if the actual prescribed dosing is not available, generic defined daily doses (DDD) are applied instead when assessing adherence. We evaluated asthma patients' adherence in a large prospective follow-up survey.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimizing mycobacteria molecular diagnostics: No decontamination! Human DNA depletion? Greener storage at 4 °C!
Front Microbiol
April 2023
Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the group of bacterial pathogens complex (MTBC) and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Timely diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant TB is a key pillar of WHO's strategy to combat global TB. The time required to carry out drug susceptibility testing (DST) for MTBC the classic culture method is in the range of weeks and such delays have a detrimental effect on treatment outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevention Strategies and Early Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer: Current State and Prospects.
Diagnostics (Basel)
February 2023
Scientific and Educational Cluster MEDBIO, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo St., 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia.
Cervical cancer ranks third among all new cancer cases and causes of cancer deaths in females. The paper provides an overview of cervical cancer prevention strategies employed in different regions, with incidence and mortality rates ranging from high to low. It assesses the effectiveness of approaches proposed by national healthcare systems by analysing data published in the National Library of Medicine (Pubmed) since 2018 featuring the following keywords: "cervical cancer prevention", "cervical cancer screening", "barriers to cervical cancer prevention", "premalignant cervical lesions" and "current strategies".
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