Carbon-supported nitrogen-coordinated single-metal site catalysts (i.e., M-N-C, M: Fe, Co, or Ni) are active for the electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CO RR) to CO. Further improving their intrinsic activity and selectivity by tuning their N-M bond structures and coordination is limited. Herein, we expand the coordination environments of M-N-C catalysts by designing dual-metal active sites. The Ni-Fe catalyst exhibited the most efficient CO2RR activity and promising stability compared to other combinations. Advanced structural characterization and theoretical prediction suggest that the most active N-coordinated dual-metal site configurations are 2N-bridged (Fe-Ni)N , in which FeN and NiN moieties are shared with two N atoms. Two metals (i.e., Fe and Ni) in the dual-metal site likely generate a synergy to enable more optimal *COOH adsorption and *CO desorption than single-metal sites (FeN or NiN ) with improved intrinsic catalytic activity and selectivity.
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- * The study develops a detection platform using Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with dual-metal nanomaterials that enhances sensitivity, allowing the quick and direct measurement of GSM with results in as little as 4 minutes.
- * The new detection method is highly sensitive, with a detection limit of 0.16 ng/L for GSM, and shows great potential for real-time monitoring of earthy odors without the need for labels or biomaterials.
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