Scientists and regulators need parsimonious methods of characterizing flavored e-cigarettes which may vary widely in both chemical flavoring constituents and marketing descriptors. This laboratory experiment characterized user-reported appeal and experience of five cross-cutting sensory attributes (sweetness, bitterness, smoothness, harshness, coolness) of 10 common e-cigarette flavors. In a within-subject double-blind single-visit protocol, current nicotine/tobacco product users ( = 119) self-administered a single puff of each e-liquid flavor via a pod-style device and rated its appeal and sensory attributes on 0-100 scales. Custom-manufactured e-liquids, nicotine concentration: () = 23.4 (0.9) mg/mL, representative of commonly marketed fruit (green apple, strawberry), dessert (dark chocolate, vanilla), mint (peppermint, spearmint), nonmint cooling (menthol, koolada), and tobacco (subtle tobacco, full-flavored tobacco) flavor descriptors were used and their constituents were independently analyzed. Results largely demonstrated that a flavor's sensory attributes concorded with its marketed flavor descriptor. Among the 10 flavors, vanilla was rated sweetest ([difference vs. mean of 9 other flavors] = 14.44, 95% CI [10.84, 18.03]), full-flavored tobacco was most bitter, = 8.34, 95% CI [4.73, 11.96], subtle tobacco was most harsh, = 5.69, 95% CI [1.70, 9.68], and peppermint scored highest in both smoothness, = 6.98, 95% CI [3.13, 10.82], and coolness, = 29.25, 95% CI [25.50, 33.01]. Flavors with higher appeal ratings tended to be sweeter, smoother, cooler, and less bitter and harsh. Chemical analysis found numerous flavoring constituents among study products without any clear differentiation of chemicals being present in particular flavor categories, which underscores the utility of using sensory ratings to characterize different-flavored e-cigarettes over and above constituent analyses. Characterizing e-cigarette flavors by subjective sensory attributes may be useful in future research and regulatory activities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9592684 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pha0000563 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Recent developments, challenges, and prospects of dietary omega-3 PUFA-fortified foods: Focusing on their effects on cardiovascular diseases.
Food Chem
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China. Electronic address:
Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Dω-3 PUFAs) have been extensively studied and have been proven to offer notable benefits for heart health. Scientific meta-analysis strongly endorses them as potent bioactive agents capable of preventing and managing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Fortification of foods with Dω-3 PUFAs is a potential strategy for enhancing Dω-3 PUFA intake in an effort to continue strengthening public health outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElevating sensory quality through a dual-acid preservation strategy in ready-to-eat crayfish (Procambarus clarkii).
Food Chem
December 2024
School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, PR China.
This study presents a targeted dual-acid preservation strategy for ready-to-eat crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), integrating a blend of phytic and lactic acids to fortify key sensory attributes throughout the storage phase. The primary objective was to maintain the sensory attributes of the crayfish during a 30-day storage period under 40 °C. Our approach significantly bolstered color retention by suppressing Maillard reactions and lipid oxidation, thereby maintaining the product's visual allure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of firmness in fermented sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicas) by multidimensional integration strategies: Insights from proteomic and microstructural analyses.
Food Chem
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of The People's Republic of China, National R&D Center for Aquatic Product Processing, South China Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China. Electronic address:
Fermented sea bass, recognized for its firmness and chewy texture, provides a distinct sensory experience.This study investigated the texture and microstructural properties of fermented sea bass during fermentation. Proteomics analysis identified the key proteins involved in firmness development, revealing the molecular mechanisms behind these changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferential effects of Lactococcus starter cultures on Cheddar cheese: Insights from texture, electronic sensory, and metabolomics analyses.
Food Chem
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, PR China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, PR China; Collaborative Innovative Center for Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Dairy Products, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, PR China. Electronic address:
Cheese-associated microbiota and their interactions are crucial in determining the properties of cheese. This study aimed to compare the effects of different starter cultures on Cheddar cheese production using texture analysis, electronic sensory evaluation, and both volatile and non-volatile metabolomics. Specifically, we examined Lactococcus lactis BL19 and Lactococcus cremoris LC99, both individually and in combination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe impact of rhubarb (Rheum Ribes L.) juice-based marinade on the quality characteristics and microbial safety of chicken breast fillets during refrigerated storage.
Poult Sci
December 2024
Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye. Electronic address:
Acidic marinades are commonly used to improve the quality meat products. However, no study has been performed to determine the effects of rhubarb juice as a marinating liquid on the quality parameters of chicken breast fillets. The aim of the present study was to identify the bioactive compounds (organic acids, polyphenols, and volatiles) in the juice of rhubarb and to determine the effect of rhubarb juice as a marinade on the microbiological (total viable count, psychrotrophs, lactic acid bacteria, sulfate-reducing anaerobes, and yeast-molds) and physico-chemical properties (drip loss, cooking loss, water holding capacity, pH, color, malondialdehyde, total volatile base nitrogen, and texture profiles), sensory attributes, and microbial safety (Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes) of chicken breast fillets during a 15-day refrigerated storage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!