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Determinants of undervaccination of routine childhood immunization in Argentina: A cross-sectional study.
Vaccine
October 2024
Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States. Electronic address:
Routine childhood immunization is one of the most effective methods of preventing infectious diseases in children. In Argentina, there has been a decline in routine immunization coverage since 2015, with very little evidence to date on underlying drivers of this steady decline. We administered an online nationwide behavioral insights survey in Argentina between July 1-25, 2022, targeting parents with at least one child under the age of 12 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHIV-associated tuberculosis in infants, children, and adolescents younger than 15 years: an update on the epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
Curr Opin HIV AIDS
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Purpose Of Review: HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) remains a major driver of morbidity and mortality in children and adolescents younger than 15 years (CLWH). The purpose of this review is to highlight recent findings in the areas of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV-associated TB in CLWH and to highlight knowledge and implementation gaps.
Recent Findings: We found that despite access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), high rates of HIV-associated TB are still reported, and with an unacceptably high mortality.
Severity of Trachomatous Scarring among Adults in Trachoma-Endemic Amhara Region of Ethiopia.
Am J Trop Med Hyg
September 2024
Trachoma Control Program, The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia.
Article Synopsis
- Trachomatous scarring progresses independently of active Chlamydia trachomatis infections, suggesting other factors contribute to scarring beyond ongoing transmission.
- A study in Amhara, Ethiopia assessed 729 adults for scarring severity using a photographic scale, revealing severe scarring (S4) was most prevalent among older individuals (32.6% in ages 60+) compared to younger adults (6.2% in ages 15-19).
- Key risk factors for increased scarring severity included being female, older age, and higher district-level prevalence of trachomatous follicular inflammation, indicating a need for continued surveillance even after achieving trachoma elimination targets.
Rates and determinants of Rotavirus vaccine uptake among children in Italy: a cross-sectional study within the 2022 OBVIOUS* project.
BMC Public Health
March 2024
Unit of Hygiene, Public Health and Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
Introduction: The World Health Organization defines rotavirus as among the most severe causes of viral gastroenteritis affecting children under 5 year old. Italy and other European countries do not release disaggregated data on rotavirus vaccination coverage. This study aimed to assess the uptake and drivers of rotavirus vaccination in Italy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods for Estimating Personal Disease Risk and Phylogenetic Diversity of Hematopoietic Stem Cells.
Mol Biol Evol
January 2024
Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
An individual's chronological age does not always correspond to the health of different tissues in their body, especially in cases of disease. Therefore, estimating and contrasting the physiological age of tissues with an individual's chronological age may be a useful tool to diagnose disease and its progression. In this study, we present novel metrics to quantify the loss of phylogenetic diversity in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are precursors to most blood cell types and are associated with many blood-related diseases.
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