Radiation-induced breast sarcomas (RIBS) are rare entities representing <1% of all primary breast malignancies, limiting most reports to small retrospective case series. They constitute a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, with high-grade angiosarcoma being the most common subtype. Other sarcoma histotypes, such as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, can also be identified. Radiation-induced breast angiosarcoma (RIBA) has an incidence of approximately 0.1% after breast-conserving therapy and arises mainly from the dermis of the irradiated breast. MYC gene amplification is highly indicative of secondary breast angiosarcomas. Their clinical presentation often mimics benign port-radiation lesions, leading to a delay in diagnosis and a lost window of opportunity for cure. Surgery with negative margins is the mainstay of treatment of localized RIBS. In the case of angiosarcoma, technical difficulties, including multifocality, infiltrative margins, and difficulty in assessing tumor margins, render surgical treatment quite challenging. A limited number of studies showed that adjuvant radiation therapy reduces local recurrences; therefore, it is proposed by many groups for large, high-grade tumors. Chemotherapy has been evaluated retrospectively in a small subset of patients, with some evidence supporting its use in angiosarcoma patients. Approximately half of patients with RIBA will show local recurrence. In the advanced setting, different therapeutic options are discussed in the review, including chemotherapy, antiangiogenic therapy, and immunotherapy, whereas the need for further research on molecular therapeutic targets is pointed out.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084125 | DOI Listing |
Curr Pharm Des
January 2025
Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Introduction: Most Breast Cancer (BC) patients undergoing Radiotherapy (RT) are potentially susceptible to skin toxicity and prone to clinical symptom complaints. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oral Atorvastatin (ATV) administration on skin toxicity in BC patients undergoing RT.
Methods: One hundred BC patients were randomly assigned to oral ATV (40 mg) or placebo tablets two days before beginning the RT until the eighth week of the RT regimen was completed.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)
January 2025
Department of Chemoradiotherapy, Ningbo No 2 Hospital, 315000 Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Background: Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are instrumental in treatment resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. The development of breast cancer and radiation sensitivity is intimately pertinent to long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). This work is formulated to investigate how the lncRNA affects the stemness and radioresistance of BCSCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Rostock, Suedring 75, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
To enhance the treatment of tumors that are resistant to radio- and chemotherapy while minimizing the side effects of radiochemotherapy, researchers are continuously seeking new active compounds for use in combination with radiotherapy. Therefore, the aim of our study was to examine the cytotoxic and radiosensitizing effects of an extract from St. John's Wort (, referred to as HP01, on human epithelial tumor cells in vitro.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Oncol
January 2025
Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
Radiation-induced morphea (RIM) is a rare complication following radiotherapy (RT) for breast cancer treatment. Its distribution is usually confined to the breast having received radiotherapy. A generalized form of RIM also exists, defined as lesions extending beyond the radiotherapy site, but data on the subject are scarce in the literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Invest
January 2025
Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Translational Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, United States of America.
Radiotherapy can be limited by pneumonitis which is impacted by innate immunity, including pathways regulated by TRAIL death receptor DR5. We investigated whether DR5 agonists could rescue mice from toxic effects of radiation and found two different agonists, parenteral PEGylated trimeric-TRAIL (TLY012) and oral TRAIL-Inducing Compound (TIC10/ONC201) could reduce pneumonitis, alveolar-wall thickness, and oxygen desaturation. Lung protection extended to late effects of radiation including less fibrosis at 22-weeks in TLY012-rescued survivors versus un-rescued surviving irradiated-mice.
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