To Study the Correlation of Serum Adenosine Deaminase Levels with Hba1c in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Unlabelled: Immunological dysfunction is responsible for increased morbidity and mortality due to recurrent infections and hospital admission in Type 2 DM. There are limited studies and markers for the assessment of immunological dysfunction and serum ADA is one of the marker of immunological dysfunction as proven in several studies.The present study is an attempt to correlate ADA as a marker of altered immune function in diabetes mellitus with respect to glycemic control as assessed by HbA1C.

Material: This cross sectional study was conducted in the hospitals attached to Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute. Relavant history taken,Clinical examination and laboratory investigations was done on 90 patients of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus,correlation of HbA1c and serum ADA was done in these individuals taking into consideration the glycemic control. Student t test was used to compare them.Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to see the relationship between the variables and p value of <0.05 was considered significant.

Observation: Among 90 patients in our study 57 were males and 33 were females. Mean ± SD of HbA1C was 9.85± 2.73.Mean ± SD of serum ADA levels was 40.39 ± 4.69. Spearman's correlation coefficient in our study was 0.728 indicating a strong correlation between serum ADA and HbA1C. There was a linear correlation between HbA1C levels and serum ADA and the correlation was statistically significant P Value <0.001.

Conclusion: Metabolic and immunological disturbance are two important key factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus which is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality.ADA is an enzyme, which is considered as a good marker for cell mediated immunity.Our study showed elevated serum ADA activity in poorly controlled diabetic individuals and a strong correlation of HbA1C with serum ADA levels which was statistically significant indicating poor the glycemic control more the immunological dysfunction.