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Inflammation induces pro-NETotic neutrophils via TNFR2 signaling. | LitMetric
Cytokines released during chronic inflammatory diseases induce pro-inflammatory properties in polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). Here, we describe the development of a subgroup of human PMNs expressing CCR5, termed CCR5 PMNs. Auto- and paracrine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling increases intracellular neutrophil elastase (ELANE) abundance and induces neutrophil extracellular traps formation (NETosis) in CCR5 PMNs, and triggering of CCR5 amplifies NETosis. Membranous TNF (mTNF) outside-in signaling induces the formation of reactive oxygen species, known activators of NETosis. In vivo, we find an increased number of CCR5 PMNs in the peripheral blood and inflamed lamina propria of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Notably, failure of anti-TNF therapy is associated with higher frequencies of CCR5 PMNs. In conclusion, we identify a phenotype of pro-NETotic, CCR5 PMNs present in inflamed tissue in vivo and inducible in vitro. These cells may reflect an important component of tissue damage during chronic inflammation and could be of diagnostic value.
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