[Pathogenesis and the contemporary picture of polyneuropathy].

Demyelinating changes in peripheral nerves are responsible for the neurological symptoms found. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common causes of polyneuropathy and is found in 8-54% of patients with type I diabetes, 13-46% of patients with type II and 22-66% of alcohol abusers. In turn, chemotherapy, depending on the therapeutic regimens used, is responsible for the symptoms of polyneuropathy in 10-90% of patients. Separate disease syndromes create immunologically determined polyneuropathies. Chronic compression or irritation of the spinal nerves or their roots in diseases of the spine leads to ischemia and neuropathy. The spinal nerve is most often pinched and then there are mixed motor-sensory symptoms. In order to prevent the onset of polyneuropathy, it is necessary to release the nerves from pressure and ischemia as quickly as possible.