AI Article Synopsis
- * Electrospun fibers for BTE are primarily made from various polymers and bioceramics, providing a suitable environment for stem cells, which have the unique ability to self-renew and differentiate into bone-forming osteoblasts.
- * Bioactive molecules, including synthetic drugs and growth factors, are incorporated into these fibers to enhance stem cell differentiation into osteoblasts, supporting the advancement of bone tissue regeneration research.
Article Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is based on the participation and combination of different biomaterials, cells, and bioactive molecules to generate biosynthetic grafts for bone regeneration. Electrospinning has been used to fabricate fibrous scaffolds, which provide nanoscale architecture comprising interconnecting pores, resembling the natural hierarchy of tissues and enabling the formation of artificial functional tissues. Electrospun fibers for BTE applications have been mostly produced from polymers (chitosan, alginate, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid) and bioceramics (hydroxyapatite). Stem cells are among the most prolific cell types employed in regenerative medicine owing to their self-renewal and differentiation capacity. Most importantly, bioactive molecules, such as synthetic drugs, growth factors, and phytocompounds, are consistently used to regulate cell behavior inducing differentiation towards the osteoblast lineage. An expanding body of literature has provided evidence that these electrospun fibers loaded with bioactive molecules support the differentiation of stem cells towards osteoblasts. Thus, this review briefly describes the current development of polymers and bioceramic-based electrospun fibers and the influence of bioactive molecules in these electrospun fibers on bone tissue regeneration.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574888X17666220414100358 | DOI Listing |
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