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Revisiting -Phenylenediamine as a Nanomaterial-Catalyzed Signaling Agent: Dimerization versus Polymerization.

ACS Omega

December 2023

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.

Article Synopsis
  • - Phenylenediamine (OPD) is widely used in colorimetric assays for detecting substances through its oxidation to 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP), but newly found polymerized OPD (polyOPDs) may alter this detection due to their different optical characteristics.
  • - The study reveals that gold nanoparticle-catalyzed oxidation of OPD creates unpredictable extinction changes at 425 nm, linked to the formation of polyOPDs, which challenges the traditional view of OPD's role in assays.
  • - Various factors, such as reactant concentrations and temperature, influence these extinction changes; the research further suggests using NaNO instead of NaCl for improved ionic strength to enhance DNA detection
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Tetrazoles are indispensable nitrogen containing heterocyclic scaffolds that offer a broad spectrum of applications in various domains such as medicinal chemistry, high energy material science, biochemistry, pharmacology Owing to their useful applications, a wide range of catalysts have been explored for green synthesis of tetrazole derivatives. In recent times, nanomaterials have been emerged as extremely efficient catalysts for different organic transformations because of their high surface area-to-volume ratio, easy surface modification, simple fabrications, easy recovery and reusability. In this article, we have presented an overview of utilization of various nano-catalysts, nanocomposites and other solid-supported nanomaterials as an efficient environmental benign catalytic system for green synthesis of tetrazoles and derivatives.

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1,4-Dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP), a privileged heterocyclic scaffold, has been extensively utilized in various biological and therapeutic applications. In this review article, we discussed the role of different nano-catalysts, nanoflakes, nanocomposites, and other green-supported nanomaterials in the synthesis of a biologically active and vital pharmaceutical precursor 1,4-DHP and its derivatives such as polyhydroquinoline, benzopyranopyridines, and dihydropyridine since 2015. It is evident that although the use of various tailored nanostructures under different conditions to optimize the synthesis of 1,4-DHP and its compounds has provided sustainable and efficient proposals, yet the development of greener practices in the synthesis of 1,4-DHPs, which can be applied to design new synthetic routes and sequences in process development, is a far-reaching task to be accomplished.

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Monodispersed intermetallic AuCu pentagonal nanorods with controlled size and composition have been developed by a seed-mediated growth route. The AuCu/C nanomaterial catalyzed the coupling reaction of sulfonamide with benzyl alcohol in good to excellent yields.

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