The novel strategy of multi-step directional precipitation is proposed for recovering valuable metals from the leachate of cathode material obtained by mechanical disassembly from mixed spent lithium-ion batteries. Based on thermodynamics and directional precipitation, Mn is selectively precipitated under conditions of MRNM (molar ratio of (NH)SO to Mn) = 3, pH = 5.5 and 80 °C for 90 min. Ni was then selectively precipitated using CHNO under conditions of pH = 6, MRCN (molar ratio of CHNO to Ni) = 2, 30 °C and 20 min. Then, the pH was adjusted to 10 to precipitate Co as Co(OH). Finally, Li was recovered by NaCO at 90 °C. The precipitation rates of Mn, Ni, Co, and Li reached 99.5%, 99.6%, 99.2% and 90%, respectively. The precipitation products with high purity can be used as raw materials for industrial production based on characterization. The economical and efficient recovery process can be applied in industrialized large-scale recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra09297e | DOI Listing |
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Supplying critical metals such as cobalt, lithium, and nickel, to achieve sustainable development goals will be one of the most important concerns in the coming decades. A significant challenge in this area is the separation of some similar elements, such as nickel and cobalt. This study proposes a novel and eco-friendly process to selectively recover cobalt from nickel and manganese.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Res
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Institute of Technical Education and Research (FET), Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Khandagiri Square, Bhubaneswar-751030, Odisha, India. Electronic address:
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are eco-friendly leaching agents which have emerged as potential candidate for recovery of valuable metals from spent LIBs (lithium-ion batteries). Earlier reports show use of more mount of chemicals, long leaching duration and less efficiency. The present work has been carried out to observe the leaching efficiency of two DES-water blend systems such as ChCl:CA(2:1) +30% HO and ChCl:MA(1:1)+20% HO for the leaching of Li and Co from cathodic material of spent LIBs using design of experiments and optimization through CCD (central composite design) of Response surface methodology(RSM) approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
January 2025
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu Ocean University Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China.
We propose an effective method for selectively extracting the valuable metals from the spent LiNiCoMnO cathode material using an oxalic acid-based deep eutectic solvent. Through regulation of the coordination environment, NiO, CoO, and MnO are stepwise separated and further applied in the electrochemical conversion of raw PET bottles to high-purity formic acid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
January 2025
Faculty of Maritime and Transportation, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China.
Traditional hydrometallurgy methods for recycling the spent lithium-ion battery materials face some challenges, including the complex processes, and difficulties in separating Ni/Co/Mn. To address these issues, this work proposes a simple one-pot method to achieve a high Li leaching efficiency (99.2%) and simultaneously transform the majority of Ni (99.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
January 2025
School of Materials and Physics & Center of Mineral Resource Waste Recycling, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China.
Designing spent graphite anodes from lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for applications beyond regenerated batteries offers significant potential for promoting the recycling of spent LIBs. The battery-grade graphite, characterized by a highly graphitized structure, demonstrates excellent conductive loss capabilities, making it suitable for microwave absorption. During the Li-ion intercalation and deintercalation processes in battery operation, the surface layer of spent graphite (SG) becomes activated, forming oxygen-rich functional groups that enhance the polarization loss mechanism.
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